With more and more multi-frequency clocks being used in today's chips, especially in the communications field, it is often necessary to switch the source of a clock line while the chip is running.
上傳時間: 2013-10-10
上傳用戶:1214209695
什么是超級電容器? ◆ 超級電容器(supercapacitor,ultracapacitor),又叫雙電層電容器(Electrical Doule-Layer Capacitor)、黃金電容、法拉電容,通過極化電解質來儲能。它是一種電化學元件,但在其儲能的過程并不發生化學反應,這種儲能過程是可逆的,也正因為此超級電容器可以反復充放電數十萬次。 ◆ 超級電容器可以被視為懸浮在電解質中的兩個無反應活性的多孔電極板,在極板上加電,正極板吸引電解質中的負離子,負極板吸引正離子,實際上形成兩個容性存儲層,被分離開的正離子在負極板附近,負離子在正極板附近。
標簽: 電解電容器
上傳時間: 2014-12-23
上傳用戶:qzhcao
第一步,拿到一塊PCB,首先在紙上記錄好所有元氣件的型號,參數,以及位置,尤其是二極管,三極管的方向,IC缺口的方向。最好用數碼相機拍兩張元氣件位置的照片。 第二步,拆掉所有器件,并且將PAD孔里的錫去掉。用酒精將PCB清洗干凈,然后放入掃描儀內,啟動POHTOSHOP,用彩色方式將絲印面掃入,并打印出來備用。 第三步,用水紗紙將TOP LAYER 和BOTTOM LAYER兩層輕微打磨,打磨到銅膜發亮,放入掃描儀,啟動PHOTOSHOP,用彩色方式將兩層分別掃入。注意,PCB在掃描儀內擺放一定要橫平樹直,否則掃描的圖象就無法使用,掃描儀分辨率請選為600。 需要的朋友請下載哦!
上傳時間: 2013-11-17
上傳用戶:zhuimenghuadie
第一步,拿到一塊PCB,首先在紙上記錄好所有元氣件的型號,參數,以及位置,尤其是二極管,三機管的方向,IC缺口的方向。最好用數碼相機拍兩張元氣件位置的照片。第二步,拆掉所有器件,并且將PAD孔里的錫去掉。用酒精將PCB清洗干凈,然后放入掃描儀內,啟動POHTOSHOP,用彩色方式將絲印面掃入,并打印出來備用。第三步,用水紗紙將TOP LAYER 和BOTTOM LAYER兩層輕微打磨,打磨到銅膜發亮,放入掃描儀,啟動PHOTOSHOP,用彩色方式將兩層分別掃入。注意,PCB在掃描儀內擺放一定要橫平樹直,否則掃描的圖象就無法使用。第四步,調整畫布的對比度,明暗度,使有銅膜的部分和沒有銅膜的部分對比強烈,然后將次圖轉為黑白色,檢查線條是否清晰,如果不清晰,則重復本步驟。如果清晰,將圖存為黑白BMP格式文件TOP.BMP和BOT.BMP。第五步,將兩個BMP格式的文件分別轉為PROTEL格式文件,在PROTEL中調入兩層,如過兩層的PAD和VIA的位置基本重合,表明前幾個步驟做的很好,如果有偏差,則重復第三步。第六,將TOP。BMP轉化為TOP。PCB,注意要轉化到SILK層,就是黃色的那層,然后你在TOP層描線就是了,并且根據第二步的圖紙放置器件。畫完后將SILK層刪掉。 第七步,將BOT。BMP轉化為BOT。PCB,注意要轉化到SILK層,就是黃色的那層,然后你在BOT層描線就是了。畫完后將SILK層刪掉。第八步,在PROTEL中將TOP。PCB和BOT。PCB調入,合為一個圖就OK了。第九步,用激光打印機將TOP LAYER, BOTTOM LAYER分別打印到透明膠片上(1:1的比例),把膠片放到那塊PCB上,比較一下是否有誤,如果沒錯,你就大功告成了。
上傳時間: 2013-10-15
上傳用戶:標點符號
PCB LAYOUT 術語解釋(TERMS)1. COMPONENT SIDE(零件面、正面)︰大多數零件放置之面。2. SOLDER SIDE(焊錫面、反面)。3. SOLDER MASK(止焊膜面)︰通常指Solder Mask Open 之意。4. TOP PAD︰在零件面上所設計之零件腳PAD,不管是否鑽孔、電鍍。5. BOTTOM PAD:在銲錫面上所設計之零件腳PAD,不管是否鑽孔、電鍍。6. POSITIVE LAYER:單、雙層板之各層線路;多層板之上、下兩層線路及內層走線皆屬之。7. NEGATIVE LAYER:通常指多層板之電源層。8. INNER PAD:多層板之POSITIVE LAYER 內層PAD。9. ANTI-PAD:多層板之NEGATIVE LAYER 上所使用之絕緣範圍,不與零件腳相接。10. THERMAL PAD:多層板內NEGATIVE LAYER 上必須零件腳時所使用之PAD,一般稱為散熱孔或導通孔。11. PAD (銲墊):除了SMD PAD 外,其他PAD 之TOP PAD、BOTTOM PAD 及INNER PAD 之形狀大小皆應相同。12. Moat : 不同信號的 Power& GND plane 之間的分隔線13. Grid : 佈線時的走線格點2. Test Point : ATE 測試點供工廠ICT 測試治具使用ICT 測試點 LAYOUT 注意事項:PCB 的每條TRACE 都要有一個作為測試用之TEST PAD(測試點),其原則如下:1. 一般測試點大小均為30-35mil,元件分布較密時,測試點最小可至30mil.測試點與元件PAD 的距離最小為40mil。2. 測試點與測試點間的間距最小為50-75mil,一般使用75mil。密度高時可使用50mil,3. 測試點必須均勻分佈於PCB 上,避免測試時造成板面受力不均。4. 多層板必須透過貫穿孔(VIA)將測試點留於錫爐著錫面上(Solder Side)。5. 測試點必需放至於Bottom Layer6. 輸出test point report(.asc 檔案powerpcb v3.5)供廠商分析可測率7. 測試點設置處:Setuppadsstacks
上傳時間: 2013-10-22
上傳用戶:pei5
LAYOUT REPORT .............. 1 目錄.................. 1 1. PCB LAYOUT 術語解釋(TERMS)......... 2 2. Test Point : ATE 測試點供工廠ICT 測試治具使用............ 2 3. 基準點 (光學點) -for SMD:........... 4 4. 標記 (LABEL ING)......... 5 5. VIA HOLE PAD................. 5 6. PCB Layer 排列方式...... 5 7.零件佈置注意事項 (PLACEMENT NOTES)............... 5 8. PCB LAYOUT 設計............ 6 9. Transmission Line ( 傳輸線 )..... 8 10.General Guidelines – 跨Plane.. 8 11. General Guidelines – 繞線....... 9 12. General Guidelines – Damping Resistor. 10 13. General Guidelines - RJ45 to Transformer................. 10 14. Clock Routing Guideline........... 12 15. OSC & CRYSTAL Guideline........... 12 16. CPU
上傳時間: 2013-12-20
上傳用戶:康郎
This document provides practical, common guidelines for incorporating PCI Express interconnect layouts onto Printed Circuit Boards (PCB) ranging from 4-layer desktop baseboard designs to 10- layer or more server baseboard designs. Guidelines and constraints in this document are intended for use on both baseboard and add-in card PCB designs. This includes interconnects between PCI Express devices located on the same baseboard (chip-to-chip routing) and interconnects between a PCI Express device located “down” on the baseboard and a device located “up” on an add-in card attached through a connector. This document is intended to cover all major components of the physical interconnect including design guidelines for the PCB traces, vias and AC coupling capacitors, as well as add-in card edge-finger and connector considerations. The intent of the guidelines and examples is to help ensure that good high-speed signal design practices are used and that the timing/jitter and loss/attenuation budgets can also be met from end-to-end across the PCI Express interconnect. However, while general physical guidelines and suggestions are given, they may not necessarily guarantee adequate performance of the interconnect for all layouts and implementations. Therefore, designers should consider modeling and simulation of the interconnect in order to ensure compliance to all applicable specifications. The document is composed of two main sections. The first section provides an overview of general topology and interconnect guidelines. The second section concentrates on physical layout constraints where bulleted items at the beginning of a topic highlight important constraints, while the narrative that follows offers additional insight.
上傳時間: 2013-10-15
上傳用戶:busterman
This document presents design techniques and reference circuits that power Virtex™-4 FXRocketIO™ multi-gigabit transceivers (MGTs) operating at data rates below 3.125 Gb/s.When using multiple transceivers, it is sometimes preferred to power them from a switchingpower supply. However, switching power supplies generate noise that affects transceiver
上傳時間: 2013-11-18
上傳用戶:huang111
For a variety of reasons, it is desirable to charge batteriesas rapidly as possible. At the same time, overchargingmust be limited to prolong battery life. Such limitation ofovercharging depends on factors such as the choice ofcharge termination technique and the use of multi-rate/multi-stage charging schemes. The majority of batterycharger ICs available today lock the user into one fixedcharging regimen, with at best a limited number ofcustomization options to suit a variety of application needsor battery types. The LTC®1325 addresses these shortcomingsby providing the user with all the functionalblocks needed to implement a simple but highly flexiblebattery charger (see Figure 1) which not only addressesthe issue of charging batteries but also those of batteryconditioning and capacity monitoring.
上傳時間: 2013-10-19
上傳用戶:royzhangsz
隨著Android平臺在移動終端的市場占有率越來越高,安卓應用的開發周期越來越短,繁冗且效率底下的Java在新的形勢下已漸漸表現出它的疲態,為了解決Android應用開發語言單一的問題,Google發起了SL4A(The Scripting Layer for Android)項目。本文簡單的介紹了SL4A的工作原理,并以Eclipse和Android SDK為開發工具,在SL4A的支持下使用Python語言實現Android應用GUI的開發。
上傳時間: 2013-11-01
上傳用戶:s363994250