為滿足無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)具有低功耗、節(jié)點(diǎn)體積小、網(wǎng)絡(luò)容量大、網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳輸可靠等技術(shù)要求,設(shè)計(jì)了一種以MSP430單片機(jī)和CC2420射頻收發(fā)器組成的無線傳感節(jié)點(diǎn)。通過分析其節(jié)點(diǎn)組成,提出了ZigBee技術(shù)中的幾種網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓?fù)湫问剑⒀芯苛薢igBee路由算法。針對不同的傳輸要求形式選用不同的網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓?fù)湫问娇梢员M大可能地減少系統(tǒng)成本。同時(shí)針對不同網(wǎng)絡(luò)選用正確的ZigBee路由算法有效地減少了網(wǎng)絡(luò)能量消耗,提高了系統(tǒng)的可靠性。應(yīng)用試驗(yàn)表明,采用ZigBee方式通信可以提高傳輸速率且覆蓋范圍大,與傳統(tǒng)的有線通信方式相比可以節(jié)約40%左右的成本。 Abstract: To improve the proposed technical requirements such as low-ower, small nodes, large capacity and reliable network transmission, wireless sensor nodes based on MSP430 MCU and CC2420 RF transceiver were designed. This paper provided network topology of ZigBee technology by analysing the component of the nodes and researched ZigBee routing algorithm. Aiming at different requirements of transmission mode to choose the different network topologies form can most likely reduce the system cost. And aiming at different network to choose the correct ZigBee routing algorithm can effectively reduced the network energy consumption and improved the reliability of the system. Results show that the communication which used ZigBee mode can improve the transmission rate, cover more area and reduce 40% cost compared with traditional wired communications mode.
標(biāo)簽: ZigBee 無線傳感網(wǎng)絡(luò) 協(xié)議研究 路由
上傳時(shí)間: 2013-10-09
上傳用戶:robter
ZigBee技術(shù)是一種應(yīng)用于短距離范圍內(nèi),低傳輸數(shù)據(jù)速率下的各種電子設(shè)備之間的無線通信技術(shù)。ZigBee名字來源于蜂群使用的賴以生存和發(fā)展的通信方式,蜜蜂通過跳ZigZag形狀的舞蹈來通知發(fā)現(xiàn)的新食物源的位置、距離和方向等信息,以此作為新一代無線通訊技術(shù)的名稱。ZigBee過去又稱為“HomeRF Lite”、“RF-EasyLink”或“FireFly”無線電技術(shù),目前統(tǒng)一稱為ZigBee技術(shù)。 2、ZigBee技術(shù)的特點(diǎn) 自從馬可尼發(fā)明無線電以來,無線通信技術(shù)一直向著不斷提高數(shù)據(jù)速率和傳輸距離的方向發(fā)展。例如:廣域網(wǎng)范圍內(nèi)的第三代移動(dòng)通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)(3G)目的在于提供多媒體無線服務(wù),局域網(wǎng)范圍內(nèi)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)從IEEE802.11的1Mbit/s到IEEE802.11g的54Mbit/s的數(shù)據(jù)速率。而當(dāng)前得到廣泛研究的ZigBee技術(shù)則致力于提供一種廉價(jià)的固定、便攜或者移動(dòng)設(shè)備使用的極低復(fù)雜度、成本和功耗的低速率無線通信技術(shù)。這種無線通信技術(shù)具有如下特點(diǎn): 功耗低:工作模式情況下,ZigBee技術(shù)傳輸速率低,傳輸數(shù)據(jù)量很小,因此信號的收發(fā)時(shí)間很短,其次在非工作模式時(shí),ZigBee節(jié)點(diǎn)處于休眠模式。設(shè)備搜索時(shí)延一般為30ms,休眠激活時(shí)延為15ms,活動(dòng)設(shè)備信道接入時(shí)延為15ms。由于工作時(shí)間較短、收發(fā)信息功耗較低且采用了休眠模式,使得ZigBee節(jié)點(diǎn)非常省電,ZigBee節(jié)點(diǎn)的電池工作時(shí)間可以長達(dá)6個(gè)月到2年左右。同時(shí),由于電池時(shí)間取決于很多因素,例如:電池種類、容量和應(yīng)用場合,ZigBee技術(shù)在協(xié)議上對電池使用也作了優(yōu)化。對于典型應(yīng)用,堿性電池可以使用數(shù)年,對于某些工作時(shí)間和總時(shí)間(工作時(shí)間+休眠時(shí)間)之比小于1%的情況,電池的壽命甚至可以超過10年。 數(shù)據(jù)傳輸可靠:ZigBee的媒體接入控制層(MAC層)采用talk-when-ready的碰撞避免機(jī)制。在這種完全確認(rèn)的數(shù)據(jù)傳輸機(jī)制下,當(dāng)有數(shù)據(jù)傳送需求時(shí)則立刻傳送,發(fā)送的每個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)包都必須等待接收方的確認(rèn)信息,并進(jìn)行確認(rèn)信息回復(fù),若沒有得到確認(rèn)信息的回復(fù)就表示發(fā)生了碰撞,將再傳一次,采用這種方法可以提高系統(tǒng)信息傳輸?shù)目煽啃浴M瑫r(shí)為需要固定帶寬的通信業(yè)務(wù)預(yù)留了專用時(shí)隙,避免了發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)的競爭和沖突。同時(shí)ZigBee針對時(shí)延敏感的應(yīng)用做了優(yōu)化,通信時(shí)延和休眠狀態(tài)激活的時(shí)延都非常短。 網(wǎng)絡(luò)容量大:ZigBee低速率、低功耗和短距離傳輸?shù)奶攸c(diǎn)使它非常適宜支持簡單器件。ZigBee定義了兩種器件:全功能器件(FFD)和簡化功能器件(RFD)。對全功能器件,要求它支持所有的49個(gè)基本參數(shù)。而對簡化功能器件,在最小配置時(shí)只要求它支持38個(gè)基本參數(shù)。一個(gè)全功能器件可以與簡化功能器件和其他全功能器件通話,可以按3種方式工作,分別為:個(gè)域網(wǎng)協(xié)調(diào)器、協(xié)調(diào)器或器件。而簡化功能器件只能與全功能器件通話,僅用于非常簡單的應(yīng)用。一個(gè)ZigBee的網(wǎng)絡(luò)最多包括有255個(gè)ZigBee網(wǎng)路節(jié)點(diǎn),其中一個(gè)是主控(Master)設(shè)備,其余則是從屬(Slave)設(shè)備。若是通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)調(diào)器(Network Coordinator),整個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)最多可以支持超過64000個(gè)ZigBee網(wǎng)路節(jié)點(diǎn),再加上各個(gè)Network Coordinator可互相連接,整個(gè)ZigBee網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點(diǎn)的數(shù)目將十分可觀。 兼容性:ZigBee技術(shù)與現(xiàn)有的控制網(wǎng)絡(luò)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)無縫集成。通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)調(diào)器(Coordinator)自動(dòng)建立網(wǎng)絡(luò),采用載波偵聽/沖突檢測(CSMA-CA)方式進(jìn)行信道接入。為了可靠傳遞,還提供全握手協(xié)議。
標(biāo)簽: zigbee
上傳時(shí)間: 2013-11-24
上傳用戶:siguazgb
Agilent AN 154 S-Parameter Design Application Note S參數(shù)的設(shè)計(jì)與應(yīng)用 The need for new high-frequency, solid-state circuitdesign techniques has been recognized both by microwaveengineers and circuit designers. These engineersare being asked to design solid state circuitsthat will operate at higher and higher frequencies.The development of microwave transistors andAgilent Technologies’ network analysis instrumentationsystems that permit complete network characterizationin the microwave frequency rangehave greatly assisted these engineers in their work.The Agilent Microwave Division’s lab staff hasdeveloped a high frequency circuit design seminarto assist their counterparts in R&D labs throughoutthe world. This seminar has been presentedin a number of locations in the United States andEurope.From the experience gained in presenting this originalseminar, we have developed a four-part videotape, S-Parameter Design Seminar. While the technologyof high frequency circuit design is everchanging, the concepts upon which this technologyhas been built are relatively invariant.The content of the S-Parameter Design Seminar isas follows:
標(biāo)簽: S參數(shù)
上傳時(shí)間: 2013-12-19
上傳用戶:aa54
Today in many applications such as network switches, routers, multi-computers,and processor-memory interfaces, the ability to integrate hundreds of multi-gigabit I/Os is desired to make better use of the rapidly advancing IC technology.
標(biāo)簽: 時(shí)鐘恢復(fù) 英文
上傳時(shí)間: 2013-10-30
上傳用戶:ysjing
3dmax9.0 — 全世界最知名的3D動(dòng)畫制作軟件 ,最新版本 3dmax9.0 已經(jīng)于去年7月底在圣地牙哥正式發(fā)布了!3dmax9.0一直在動(dòng)畫市場上占有非常重要的地位,尤其在電影特效、游戲軟件開發(fā)的領(lǐng)域里,discreet不斷在改造出更具強(qiáng)大功能與相容性的軟件來迎接這個(gè)新的視覺傳播世代。 你可以在3dmax9.0最新版中,看到3dmax9.0如何幫助設(shè)計(jì)師與動(dòng)畫師更精準(zhǔn)的掌握動(dòng)畫背景與人物結(jié)構(gòu),同時(shí)呈現(xiàn)出每個(gè)角色震撼的生命力.。 3dmax9.0 根據(jù)包括SEGA在內(nèi)用戶的要求,加強(qiáng)了游戲和電影特效的功能。 3dmax9.0 部分新功能如下:高級列表功能,查看和管理復(fù)雜場景。新軟件包括了新的mental ray渲染器和可視工具。對Autodesk的CAD支持更好。分布式網(wǎng)絡(luò)材質(zhì)成型。創(chuàng)建現(xiàn)實(shí)的霧、雪、噴泉、彈著點(diǎn)等的質(zhì)點(diǎn)流量系統(tǒng)。 3dmax9.0 新功能將包括: 高級瀏覽器,可以隨時(shí)觀看圖片文件和max文件; 復(fù)雜的場景管理器用來管理大的場景; 整合的mental ray渲染器可以渲染出非常高質(zhì)量的圖片和動(dòng)畫、 頂點(diǎn)顏色繪制(vertex color painting); design visualization tools; 支持CAD、 動(dòng)力學(xué)版本是reactor 2 ; distributed network texture baking; 3dmax9.0還增加了一些材質(zhì)并整合了部分舊版本中常用的材質(zhì)。除此之外,3dmax9.0為mental ray渲染器增添了多種材質(zhì)。包括:DGS Material(physics_phen)、Glass(physics_phen)和mental ray 總的來說3dmax9.0的功能非常強(qiáng)大。
上傳時(shí)間: 2013-10-22
上傳用戶:181992417
3dmax9.0 — 全世界最知名的3D動(dòng)畫制作軟件 ,最新版本 3dmax9.0 已經(jīng)于去年7月底在圣地牙哥正式發(fā)布了!3dmax9.0一直在動(dòng)畫市場上占有非常重要的地位,尤其在電影特效、游戲軟件開發(fā)的領(lǐng)域里,discreet不斷在改造出更具強(qiáng)大功能與相容性的軟件來迎接這個(gè)新的視覺傳播世代。 你可以在3dmax9.0最新版中,看到3dmax9.0如何幫助設(shè)計(jì)師與動(dòng)畫師更精準(zhǔn)的掌握動(dòng)畫背景與人物結(jié)構(gòu),同時(shí)呈現(xiàn)出每個(gè)角色震撼的生命力.。 3dmax9.0 根據(jù)包括SEGA在內(nèi)用戶的要求,加強(qiáng)了游戲和電影特效的功能。 3dmax9.0 部分新功能如下:高級列表功能,查看和管理復(fù)雜場景。新軟件包括了新的mental ray渲染器和可視工具。對Autodesk的CAD支持更好。分布式網(wǎng)絡(luò)材質(zhì)成型。創(chuàng)建現(xiàn)實(shí)的霧、雪、噴泉、彈著點(diǎn)等的質(zhì)點(diǎn)流量系統(tǒng)。 3dmax9.0 新功能將包括: 高級瀏覽器,可以隨時(shí)觀看圖片文件和max文件; 復(fù)雜的場景管理器用來管理大的場景; 整合的mental ray渲染器可以渲染出非常高質(zhì)量的圖片和動(dòng)畫、 頂點(diǎn)顏色繪制(vertex color painting); design visualization tools; 支持CAD、 動(dòng)力學(xué)版本是reactor 2 ; distributed network texture baking; 3dmax9.0還增加了一些材質(zhì)并整合了部分舊版本中常用的材質(zhì)。除此之外,3dmax9.0為mental ray渲染器增添了多種材質(zhì)。包括:DGS Material(physics_phen)、Glass(physics_phen)和mental ray 總的來說3dmax9.0的功能非常強(qiáng)大。
上傳時(shí)間: 2013-11-17
上傳用戶:zouxinwang
This application note shows how to achieve low-cost, efficient serial configuration for Spartan FPGA designs. The approachrecommended here takes advantage of unused resources in a design, thereby reducing the cost, part count, memory size,and board space associated with the serial configuration circuitry. As a result, neither processor nor PROM needs to be fullydedicated to performing Spartan configuration.In particular, information is provided on how the idle processing time of an on-board controller can be used to loadconfiguration data from an off-board source. As a result, it is possible to upgrade a Spartan design in the field by sending thebitstream over a network.
標(biāo)簽: Spartan XAPP FPGA 098
上傳時(shí)間: 2013-11-01
上傳用戶:wojiaohs
WP369可擴(kuò)展式處理平臺-各種嵌入式系統(tǒng)的理想解決方案 :Delivering unrivaled levels of system performance,flexibility, scalability, and integration to developers,Xilinx's architecture for a new Extensible Processing Platform is optimized for system power, cost, and size. Based on ARM's dual-core Cortex™-A9 MPCore processors and Xilinx’s 28 nm programmable logic,the Extensible Processing Platform takes a processor-centric approach by defining a comprehensive processor system implemented with standard design methods. This approach provides Software Developers a familiar programming environment within an optimized, full featured,powerful, yet low-cost, low-power processing platform.
標(biāo)簽: 369 WP 擴(kuò)展式 處理平臺
上傳時(shí)間: 2013-10-18
上傳用戶:cursor
波長信號的解調(diào)是實(shí)現(xiàn)光纖光柵傳感網(wǎng)絡(luò)的關(guān)鍵,基于現(xiàn)有的光纖光柵傳感器解調(diào)方法,提出一種基于FPGA的雙匹配光纖光柵解調(diào)方法,此系統(tǒng)是一種高速率、高精度、低成本的解調(diào)系統(tǒng),并且通過引入雙匹配光柵有效地克服了雙值問題同時(shí)擴(kuò)大了檢測范圍。分析了光纖光柵的測溫原理并給出了該方案軟硬件設(shè)計(jì),綜合考慮系統(tǒng)的解調(diào)精度和FPGA的處理速度給出了基于拉格朗日的曲線擬合算法。 Abstract: Sensor is one of the most important application of the fiber grating. Wavelength signal demodulating is the key techniques to carry out fiber grating sensing network, based on several existing methods of fiber grating sensor demodulation inadequate, a two-match fiber grating demodulation method was presented. This system is a high-speed, high precision, low-cost demodulation system. And by introducing a two-match grating effectively overcomes the problem of double value while expands the scope of testing. This paper analyzes the principle of fiber Bragg grating temperature and gives the software and hardware design of the program. Considering the system of demodulation accuracy and processing speed of FPGA,this paper gives the curve fitting algorithm based on Lagrange.
標(biāo)簽: FPGA 光纖光柵 解調(diào)系統(tǒng)
上傳時(shí)間: 2013-10-10
上傳用戶:zxc23456789
CAN(Controller Area Network——控制器局域網(wǎng))是一種由 CAN 控制器組成的高性能串行數(shù)據(jù)局域通信網(wǎng)絡(luò),是國際上應(yīng)用最廣泛的現(xiàn)場總線之一。它最早由德國 Bosch 公司于 1984 年推出,最初用于汽車內(nèi)部測量與執(zhí)行部件之間的數(shù)據(jù)通信。CAN-bus 總線模型符合 OSI 的 7 層結(jié)構(gòu);CAN-bus 規(guī)范已被 ISO 估計(jì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)組織制定為國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
標(biāo)簽: CAN-bus 以太網(wǎng) 信息管理系統(tǒng)
上傳時(shí)間: 2013-11-13
上傳用戶:lvzhr
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