YoumayaskwhyIwrotethisbook.Therearemany,manypersonalreasonsaswithanyauthor
I suppose. The first two reasons and probably the most important are my love of flying and
my love of radio engineering. This may sound rather dull but I love flying in any machine be
it balloon, glider, propeller aircraft, microlight through to airline jets and the experience of it.
The more I do it the more I feel I understand it.
According to the statistics of the Federal Communications Commission
(FCC), temporal and geographical variations in the utilization of the as-
signed spectrum range from 15% to 85%. The limited available radio spec-
trum and the inefficiency in spectrum usage necessitate a new commu-
nication paradigm to exploit the existing spectrum dynamically.
This introduction takes a visionary look at ideal cognitive radios (CRs) that inte-
grate advanced software-defined radios (SDR) with CR techniques to arrive at
radios that learn to help their user using computer vision, high-performance
speech understanding, global positioning system (GPS) navigation, sophisticated
adaptive networking, adaptive physical layer radio waveforms, and a wide range
of machine learning processes.
The new digital radio system DAB (Digital Audio Broadcasting, nowadays often called
Digital Radio) is a very innovative and universal multimedia broadcast system which will
replace the existing AM and FM audio broadcast services in many parts of the world in
the future. It was developed in the 1990s by the Eureka 147/DAB project. DAB is very
well suited for mobile reception and provides very high robustness against multipath
reception. It allows use of single frequency networks (SFNs) for high frequency
efficiency.
The objective of this book is to allow the reader to predict the received
signal power produced by a particular radio transmitter. The first two
chapters examine propagation in free space for point-to-point and
point-to-area transmission, respectively. This is combined with a dis-
cussion regarding the characteristics of antennas for various purposes. In
chapter 3, the effect of obstacles, whether buildings or mountains, is
discussed and analytical methods, whereby the strength of a signal is the
shadow of an obstacle can be predicted, are presented.
OSCILLATORS are key building blocks in integrated transceivers. In wired and
wireless communication terminals, the receiver front-end selects, amplifies and
converts the desired high-frequency signal to baseband. At baseband the signal can
then be converted into the digital domain for further data processing and demodula-
tion. The transmitter front-end converts an analog baseband signal to a suitable high-
frequency signal that can be transmitted over the wired or wireless channel.
The first Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Wideband Code Division
Multiple Access (WCDMA) networks were launched during 2002. By the end of 2005
there were 100 open WCDMA networks and a total of over 150 operators having
frequency licenses for WCDMA operation. Currently, the WCDMA networks are
deployedinUniversalMobileTelecommunicationsSystem(UMTS)bandaround2GHz
in Europe and Asia including Japan and Korea. WCDMA in America is deployed in the
existing 850 and 1900 spectrum allocations while the new 3G band at 1700/2100 is
expected to be available in the near future. 3GPP has defined the WCDMA operation
also for several additional bands, which are expected to be taken into use during the
coming years.
This book is intended for RF planners, to serve as a practical tool in their daily work
designing indoor radio distribution systems.
Based on feedback from readers of the first edition it was clear to me that I needed to add
more material and in depth description of the basics of indoor systems based on using
repeaters; this has grown into a new Section 4.7.
There was also a strong demand to add more detail and dedicate a full chapter to radio
planning in tunnels, for both rail and road tunnels; and redundancy principles in the design
focus for solving the challenge of handover zones. An entire Chapter 11 is now dedicated to
tunnel radio planning.
This book is intended for the RF planners, to serve as a practical tool in their daily work
designing indoor radio distribution systems. It is not a complete book about all the deep
aspects and corners of GSM, DCS, UMTS and HSPA networks, or all the core network
systems. It is dedicated to the last 10–70 m of the network, the indoor air interface between
the mobile user and the indoor mobile network.
Nature is seldom kind. One of the most appealing uses for radio-
telephone systems—communication with people on the move—must over-
come radio transmission problems so difficult they challenge the imagina-
tion. A microwave radio signal transmitted between a fixed base station
and a moving vehicle in a typical urban environment exhibits extreme
variations in both amplitude and apparent frequency.
