All inputs of the C16x family have Schmitt-Trigger input characteristics. These Schmitt-Triggers are intended to always provide proper internal low and high levels, even if anundefined voltage level (between TTL-VIL and TTL-VIH) is externally applied to the pin.The hysteresis of these inputs, however, is very small, and can not be properly used in anapplication to suppress signal noise, and to shape slow rising/falling input transitions.Thus, it must be taken care that rising/falling input signals pass the undefined area of theTTL-specification between VIL and VIH with a sufficient rise/fall time, as generally usualand specified for TTL components (e.g. 74LS series: gates 1V/us, clock inputs 20V/us).The effect of the implemented Schmitt-Trigger is that even if the input signal remains inthe undefined area, well defined low/high levels are generated internally. Note that allinput signals are evaluated at specific sample points (depending on the input and theperipheral function connected to it), at that signal transitions are detected if twoconsecutive samples show different levels. Thus, only the current level of an input signalat these sample points is relevant, that means, the necessary rise/fall times of the inputsignal is only dependant on the sample rate, that is the distance in time between twoconsecutive evaluation time points. If an input signal, for instance, is sampled throughsoftware every 10us, it is irrelevant, which input level would be seen between thesamples. Thus, it would be allowable for the signal to take 10us to pass through theundefined area. Due to the sample rate of 10us, it is assured that only one sample canoccur while the signal is within the undefined area, and no incorrect transition will bedetected. For inputs which are connected to a peripheral function, e.g. capture inputs, thesample rate is determined by the clock cycle of the peripheral unit. In the case of theCAPCOM unit this means a sample rate of 400ns @ 20MHz CPU clock. This requiresinput signals to pass through the undefined area within these 400ns in order to avoidmultiple capture events.For input signals, which do not provide the required rise/fall times, external circuitry mustbe used to shape the signal transitions.In the attached diagram, the effect of the sample rate is shown. The numbers 1 to 5 in thediagram represent possible sample points. Waveform a) shows the result if the inputsignal transition time through the undefined TTL-level area is less than the time distancebetween the sample points (sampling at 1, 2, 3, and 4). Waveform b) can be the result ifthe sampling is performed more than once within the undefined area (sampling at 1, 2, 5,3, and 4).Sample points:1. Evaluation of the signal clearly results in a low level2. Either a low or a high level can be sampled here. If low is sampled, no transition willbe detected. If the sample results in a high level, a transition is detected, and anappropriate action (e.g. capture) might take place.3. Evaluation here clearly results in a high level. If the previous sample 2) had alreadydetected a high, there is no change. If the previous sample 2) showed a low, atransition from low to high is detected now.
標(biāo)簽： Signal Input Fall Rise
上傳時(shí)間： 2013-10-23
上傳用戶：copu
數(shù)字運(yùn)算，判斷一個(gè)數(shù)是否接近素?cái)?shù) A Niven number is a number such that the sum of its digits divides itself. For example, 111 is a Niven number because the sum of its digits is 3, which divides 111. We can also specify a number in another base b, and a number in base b is a Niven number if the sum of its digits divides its value. Given b (2 <= b <= 10) and a number in base b, determine whether it is a Niven number or not. Input Each line of input contains the base b, followed by a string of digits representing a positive integer in that base. There are no leading zeroes. The input is terminated by a line consisting of 0 alone. Output For each case, print "yes" on a line if the given number is a Niven number, and "no" otherwise. Sample Input 10 111 2 110 10 123 6 1000 8 2314 0 Sample Output yes yes no yes no
上傳時(shí)間： 2015-05-21
上傳用戶：daguda
The XML Toolbox converts MATLAB data types (such as double, char, struct, complex, sparse, logical) of any level of nesting to XML format and vice versa. For example, >> project.name = MyProject >> project.id = 1234 >> project.param.a = 3.1415 >> project.param.b = 42 becomes with str=xml_format(project, off ) "<project> <name>MyProject</name> <id>1234</id> <param> <a>3.1415</a> <b>42</b> </param> </project>" On the other hand, if an XML string XStr is given, this can be converted easily to a MATLAB data type or structure V with the command V=xml_parse(XStr).
標(biāo)簽： converts Toolbox complex logical
上傳時(shí)間： 2016-02-12
上傳用戶：a673761058
特點(diǎn)： 精確度0.1%滿刻度 可作各式數(shù)學(xué)演算式功能如:A+B/A-B/AxB/A/B/A&B(Hi or Lo)/|A|/ 16 BIT類比輸出功能 輸入與輸出絕緣耐壓2仟伏特/1分鐘(input/output/power) 寬范圍交直流兩用電源設(shè)計(jì) 尺寸小,穩(wěn)定性高
標(biāo)簽： 微電腦 數(shù)學(xué)演算 隔離傳送器
上傳時(shí)間： 2014-12-23
上傳用戶：ydd3625
特點(diǎn)(FEATURES) 精確度0.1%滿刻度 (Accuracy 0.1%F.S.) 可作各式數(shù)學(xué)演算式功能如:A+B/A-B/AxB/A/B/A&B(Hi or Lo)/|A| (Math functioA+B/A-B/AxB/A/B/A&B(Hi&Lo)/|A|/etc.....) 16 BIT 類比輸出功能(16 bit DAC isolating analog output function) 輸入/輸出1/輸出2絕緣耐壓2仟伏特/1分鐘(Dielectric strength 2KVac/1min. (input/output1/output2/power)) 寬范圍交直流兩用電源設(shè)計(jì)(Wide input range for auxiliary power) 尺寸小,穩(wěn)定性高(Dimension small and High stability)
標(biāo)簽： 微電腦 數(shù)學(xué)演算 輸出 隔離傳送器
上傳時(shí)間： 2013-11-24
上傳用戶：541657925
/*--------- 8051內(nèi)核特殊功能寄存器 -------------*/ sfr ACC = 0xE0; //累加器 sfr B = 0xF0; //B 寄存器 sfr PSW = 0xD0; //程序狀態(tài)字寄存器 sbit CY = PSW^7; //進(jìn)位標(biāo)志位 sbit AC = PSW^6; //輔助進(jìn)位標(biāo)志位 sbit F0 = PSW^5; //用戶標(biāo)志位0 sbit RS1 = PSW^4; //工作寄存器組選擇控制位 sbit RS0 = PSW^3; //工作寄存器組選擇控制位 sbit OV = PSW^2; //溢出標(biāo)志位 sbit F1 = PSW^1; //用戶標(biāo)志位1 sbit P = PSW^0; //奇偶標(biāo)志位 sfr SP = 0x81; //堆棧指針寄存器 sfr DPL = 0x82; //數(shù)據(jù)指針0低字節(jié) sfr DPH = 0x83; //數(shù)據(jù)指針0高字節(jié) /*------------ 系統(tǒng)管理特殊功能寄存器 -------------*/ sfr PCON = 0x87; //電源控制寄存器 sfr AUXR = 0x8E; //輔助寄存器 sfr AUXR1 = 0xA2; //輔助寄存器1 sfr WAKE_CLKO = 0x8F; //時(shí)鐘輸出和喚醒控制寄存器 sfr CLK_DIV = 0x97; //時(shí)鐘分頻控制寄存器 sfr BUS_SPEED = 0xA1; //總線速度控制寄存器 /*----------- 中斷控制特殊功能寄存器 --------------*/ sfr IE = 0xA8; //中斷允許寄存器 sbit EA = IE^7; //總中斷允許位 sbit ELVD = IE^6; //低電壓檢測(cè)中斷控制位 8051
上傳時(shí)間： 2013-10-30
上傳用戶：yxgi5
TLC2543是TI公司的12位串行模數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換器，使用開關(guān)電容逐次逼近技術(shù)完成A/D轉(zhuǎn)換過程。由于是串行輸入結(jié)構(gòu)，能夠節(jié)省51系列單片機(jī)I/O資源；且價(jià)格適中，分辨率較高，因此在儀器儀表中有較為廣泛的應(yīng)用。 TLC2543的特點(diǎn) （1）12位分辯率A/D轉(zhuǎn)換器； （2）在工作溫度范圍內(nèi)10μs轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí)間； （3）11個(gè)模擬輸入通道； （4）3路內(nèi)置自測(cè)試方式； （5）采樣率為66kbps； （6）線性誤差±1LSBmax； （7）有轉(zhuǎn)換結(jié)束輸出EOC； （8）具有單、雙極性輸出； （9）可編程的MSB或LSB前導(dǎo)； （10）可編程輸出數(shù)據(jù)長(zhǎng)度。 TLC2543的引腳排列及說明 TLC2543有兩種封裝形式：DB、DW或N封裝以及FN封裝，這兩種封裝的引腳排列如圖1，引腳說明見表1 TLC2543電路圖和程序欣賞 #include<reg52.h> #include<intrins.h> #define uchar unsigned char #define uint unsigned int sbit clock=P1^0; sbit d_in=P1^1; sbit d_out=P1^2; sbit _cs=P1^3; uchar a1,b1,c1,d1; float sum,sum1; double sum_final1; double sum_final; uchar duan[]={0x3f,0x06,0x5b,0x4f,0x66,0x6d,0x7d,0x07,0x7f,0x6f}; uchar wei[]={0xf7,0xfb,0xfd,0xfe}; void delay(unsigned char b) //50us { unsigned char a; for(;b>0;b--) for(a=22;a>0;a--); } void display(uchar a,uchar b,uchar c,uchar d) { P0=duan[a]|0x80; P2=wei[0]; delay(5); P2=0xff; P0=duan[b]; P2=wei[1]; delay(5); P2=0xff; P0=duan[c]; P2=wei[2]; delay(5); P2=0xff; P0=duan[d]; P2=wei[3]; delay(5); P2=0xff; } uint read(uchar port) { uchar i,al=0,ah=0; unsigned long ad; clock=0; _cs=0; port<<=4; for(i=0;i<4;i++) { d_in=port&0x80; clock=1; clock=0; port<<=1; } d_in=0; for(i=0;i<8;i++) { clock=1; clock=0; } _cs=1; delay(5); _cs=0; for(i=0;i<4;i++) { clock=1; ah<<=1; if(d_out)ah|=0x01; clock=0; } for(i=0;i<8;i++) { clock=1; al<<=1; if(d_out) al|=0x01; clock=0; } _cs=1; ad=(uint)ah; ad<<=8; ad|=al; return(ad); } void main() { uchar j; sum=0;sum1=0; sum_final=0; sum_final1=0; while(1) { for(j=0;j<128;j++) { sum1+=read(1); display(a1,b1,c1,d1); } sum=sum1/128; sum1=0; sum_final1=(sum/4095)*5; sum_final=sum_final1*1000; a1=(int)sum_final/1000; b1=(int)sum_final%1000/100; c1=(int)sum_final%1000%100/10; d1=(int)sum_final%10; display(a1,b1,c1,d1); } }
上傳時(shí)間： 2013-11-19
上傳用戶：shen1230
#include<iom16v.h> #include<macros.h> #define uint unsigned int #define uchar unsigned char uint a,b,c,d=0; void delay(c) { for for(a=0;a<c;a++) for(b=0;b<12;b++); }; uchar tab[]={ 0xc0,0xf9,0xa4,0xb0,0x99,0x92,0x82,0xf8,0x80,0x90,
標(biāo)簽： AVR 單片機(jī) 數(shù)碼管
上傳時(shí)間： 2013-10-21
上傳用戶：13788529953
摘要: 串行傳輸技術(shù)具有更高的傳輸速率和更低的設(shè)計(jì)成本, 已成為業(yè)界首選, 被廣泛應(yīng)用于高速通信領(lǐng)域。提出了一種新的高速串行傳輸接口的設(shè)計(jì)方案, 改進(jìn)了Aurora 協(xié)議數(shù)據(jù)幀格式定義的弊端, 并采用高速串行收發(fā)器Rocket I/O, 實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)率為2.5 Gbps的高速串行傳輸。關(guān)鍵詞: 高速串行傳輸; Rocket I/O; Aurora 協(xié)議 為促使FPGA 芯片與串行傳輸技術(shù)更好地結(jié)合以滿足市場(chǎng)需求, Xilinx 公司適時(shí)推出了內(nèi)嵌高速串行收發(fā)器RocketI/O 的Virtex II Pro 系列FPGA 和可升級(jí)的小型鏈路層協(xié)議———Aurora 協(xié)議。Rocket I/O支持從622 Mbps 至3.125 Gbps的全雙工傳輸速率, 還具有8 B/10 B 編解碼、時(shí)鐘生成及恢復(fù)等功能, 可以理想地適用于芯片之間或背板的高速串行數(shù)據(jù)傳輸。Aurora 協(xié)議是為專有上層協(xié)議或行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的上層協(xié)議提供透明接口的第一款串行互連協(xié)議, 可用于高速線性通路之間的點(diǎn)到點(diǎn)串行數(shù)據(jù)傳輸, 同時(shí)其可擴(kuò)展的帶寬, 為系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)人員提供了所需要的靈活性[4]。但該協(xié)議幀格式的定義存在弊端,會(huì)導(dǎo)致系統(tǒng)資源的浪費(fèi)。本文提出的設(shè)計(jì)方案可以改進(jìn)Aurora 協(xié)議的固有缺陷,提高系統(tǒng)性能, 實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)率為2.5 Gbps 的高速串行傳輸, 具有良好的可行性和廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。
標(biāo)簽： Rocket 2.5 高速串行 收發(fā)器
上傳時(shí)間： 2013-11-06
上傳用戶：smallfish
摘要: 串行傳輸技術(shù)具有更高的傳輸速率和更低的設(shè)計(jì)成本, 已成為業(yè)界首選, 被廣泛應(yīng)用于高速通信領(lǐng)域。提出了一種新的高速串行傳輸接口的設(shè)計(jì)方案, 改進(jìn)了Aurora 協(xié)議數(shù)據(jù)幀格式定義的弊端, 并采用高速串行收發(fā)器Rocket I/O, 實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)率為2.5 Gbps的高速串行傳輸。關(guān)鍵詞: 高速串行傳輸; Rocket I/O; Aurora 協(xié)議 為促使FPGA 芯片與串行傳輸技術(shù)更好地結(jié)合以滿足市場(chǎng)需求, Xilinx 公司適時(shí)推出了內(nèi)嵌高速串行收發(fā)器RocketI/O 的Virtex II Pro 系列FPGA 和可升級(jí)的小型鏈路層協(xié)議———Aurora 協(xié)議。Rocket I/O支持從622 Mbps 至3.125 Gbps的全雙工傳輸速率, 還具有8 B/10 B 編解碼、時(shí)鐘生成及恢復(fù)等功能, 可以理想地適用于芯片之間或背板的高速串行數(shù)據(jù)傳輸。Aurora 協(xié)議是為專有上層協(xié)議或行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的上層協(xié)議提供透明接口的第一款串行互連協(xié)議, 可用于高速線性通路之間的點(diǎn)到點(diǎn)串行數(shù)據(jù)傳輸, 同時(shí)其可擴(kuò)展的帶寬, 為系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)人員提供了所需要的靈活性[4]。但該協(xié)議幀格式的定義存在弊端,會(huì)導(dǎo)致系統(tǒng)資源的浪費(fèi)。本文提出的設(shè)計(jì)方案可以改進(jìn)Aurora 協(xié)議的固有缺陷,提高系統(tǒng)性能, 實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)率為2.5 Gbps 的高速串行傳輸, 具有良好的可行性和廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。
標(biāo)簽： Rocket 2.5 高速串行 收發(fā)器
上傳時(shí)間： 2013-10-13
上傳用戶：lml1234lml
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