Normally a list view is updated by a user directly by selecting a list view item and then editing or deleting it. New items are usually added at the bottom of the list. This works fine since the user knows which items have been changed or deleted and where the new items will pop up. A drawback of it is that, if the list is sorted, then new items will not be displayed in a sorted way, instead they will be listed in the order of being created.
Hardware random number generators attempt to extract
randomness directly from complex physical systems. In this way they create random outputs without requiring any seed inputs. In this paper we describe how to use Physical Random Functions (or Physical Unclonable Functions, PUFs) to create a candidate hardware random number generator.
General Description
The LM621 is a bipolar IC designed for commutation of
brushless DC motors. The part is compatible with both
three- and four-phase motors. It can directly drive the power
switching devices used to drive the motor. The LM621 provides
an adjustable dead-time circuit to eliminate ``shootthrough''
current spiking in the power switching circuitry.
Operation is from a 5V supply, but output swings of up to
40V are accommodated. The part is packaged in an 18-pin,
dual-in-line package.
Control systems are becoming increasingly dependent on digital processing and so require sensors able to provide direct digital inputs. Sensors based on time measurement, having outputs based on a frequency or phase, have an advantage over conventional analogue sensors in that their outputs can be measured directly in digital systems by pulse counting.
分析了調(diào)幅信號(hào)和載波信號(hào)之間的相位差與調(diào)制信號(hào)的極性的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系,得出了相敏檢波電路輸出電壓的極性與調(diào)制信號(hào)的極性有對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系的結(jié)論。為了驗(yàn)證相敏檢波電路的這一特性,給出3 個(gè)電路方案,分別選用理想元件和實(shí)際元件,采用Multisim 對(duì)其進(jìn)行仿真實(shí)驗(yàn),直觀(guān)形象地演示了相敏檢波電路的鑒相特性,是傳統(tǒng)的實(shí)際操作實(shí)驗(yàn)所不可比擬的。關(guān)鍵詞:相敏檢波;鑒相特性;Multisim;電路仿真
Abstract : The corresponding relation between modulation signal polarity and difference phases of amplitudemodulated signal and the carrier signal ,the polarity of phase2sensitive detecting circuit output voltage and the polarity of modulation signal are correspondent . In order to verify this characteristic ,three elect ric circuit s plans are produced ,idea element s and actual element s are selected respectively. Using Multisim to carry on a simulation experiment ,and then demonst rating the phase detecting characteristic of the phase sensitive circuit vividly and directly. Which is t raditional practical experience cannot be com pared.Keywords :phase sensitive detection ;phase2detecting characteristic ;Multisim;circuit simulation
A light-emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor device that emits narrow-spectrum incoherent light when forward-biased.The color of the emitted light depends on the chemical composition of the semiconductor material used, and can benear-ultraviolet, visible or infrared. LEDs are more prevalent today than ever before, replacing traditional incandescent andfluorescent bulbs in many lighting applications. Incandescents use a heated filament, are subject to breakage and burnoutand operate at a luminous efficiency of 2% to 4%. Fluorescents are more efficient, at 7% to 12%, but require highdrive voltage and contain mercury, a toxic substance that may be eventually banned in certain countries. LEDs, however,produce light directly through electroluminescence, operate at low voltage and can deliver over 20% luminous efficiency.
高的工作電壓高達(dá)100V N雙N溝道MOSFET同步驅(qū)動(dòng) The D810DCDC is a synchronous step-down switching regulator controller that can directly step-down voltages from up to 100V, making it ideal for telecom and automotive applications. The D810DCDC uses a constant on-time valley current control architecture to deliver very low duty cycles with accurate cycle-by-cycle current limit, without requiring a sense resistor. A precise internal reference provides 0.5% DC accuracy. A high bandwidth (25MHz) error amplifi er provides very fast line and load transient response. Large 1Ω gate drivers allow the D810DCDC to drive multiple MOSFETs for higher current applications. The operating frequency is selected by an external resistor and is compensated for variations in VIN and can also be synchronized to an external clock for switching-noise sensitive applications. Integrated bias control generates gate drive power from the input supply during start-up and when an output shortcircuit occurs, with the addition of a small external SOT23 MOSFET. When in regulation, power is derived from the output for higher effi ciency.
Automotive batteries, industrial power supplies, distributedsupplies and wall transformers are all sources ofwide-ranging high voltage inputs. The easiest way to stepdown these sources is with a high voltage monolithicstep-down regulator that can directly accept a wide inputrange and produce a well-regulated output. The LT®3493accepts inputs from 3.6V to 36V and LT3481 acceptsinputs from 3.6V to 34V. Both provide excellent lineand load regulation and dynamic response. The LT3481offers a high effi ciency solution over a wide load range andkeeps the output ripple low during Burst Mode® operationwhile the LT3493 provides a tiny solution with minimalexternal components. The LT3493 operates at 750kHzand the LT3481 has adjustable frequency from 300kHzto 2.8MHz. High frequency operation enables the use ofsmall, low cost inductors and ceramic capacitors.
The LTC®4155 and LTC4156 are dual multiplexed-inputbattery chargers with PowerPath™ control, featuring I2Cprogrammability and USB On-The-Go for systems suchas tablet PCs and other high power density applications.The LTC4155’s float voltage (VFLOAT) range is optimizedfor Li-Ion batteries, while the LTC4156 is optimized forlithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4)batteries, supportingsystem loads to 4A with up to 3.5A of battery chargecurrent. I2C controls a broad range of functions and USBOn-The-Go functionality is controlled directly from theUSB connector ID pin.
