Analog Inputs and Outputs in an S7 PLC are represented in the PLC as a 16-bit integer. Over the nominal span of the analog input or output, the value of this integer will range between - 27648 and +27648. However, it is easier to use the analog values if they are scaled to the same units and ranges as the process being controlled. This applications tip describes methods for scaling analog values to and from engineering units.
上傳時(shí)間： 2013-11-17
上傳用戶：3294322651
引言 在數(shù)字信息傳輸中，基帶數(shù)字信號(hào)通常要經(jīng)過(guò)調(diào)制器調(diào)制，將頻率搬移到適合信息傳輸?shù)念l段上。2FSK就是用數(shù)字信號(hào)去調(diào)制載波的頻率（移頻鍵控），由于它具有方法簡(jiǎn)單、易于實(shí)現(xiàn)、抗噪聲和抗衰落性能較強(qiáng)等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，因此在現(xiàn)代數(shù)字通信系統(tǒng)的低、中速數(shù)據(jù)傳輸中得到了廣泛應(yīng)用。 直接數(shù)字頻率合成技術(shù)(DDS)將先進(jìn)的數(shù)字處理技術(shù)與方法引入信號(hào)合成領(lǐng)域。DDS器件采用高速數(shù)字電路和高速D/A轉(zhuǎn)換技術(shù)，具備頻率轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí)間短、頻率分辨率高、頻率穩(wěn)定度高、輸出信號(hào)頻率和相位可快速程控切換等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，可以實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)信號(hào)的全數(shù)字式調(diào)制。
標(biāo)簽： C8051F060 9833 FSK AD
上傳時(shí)間： 2014-12-27
上傳用戶：1427796291
The PCA9555 is a 24-pin CMOS device that provides 16 bits of General Purpose parallelInput/Output (GPIO) expansion for I2C-bus/SMBus applications and was developed toenhance the NXP Semiconductors family of I2C-bus I/O expanders. The improvementsinclude higher drive capability, 5 V I/O tolerance, lower supply current, individual I/Oconfiguration, and smaller packaging. I/O expanders provide a simple solution whenadditional I/O is needed for ACPI power switches, sensors, push buttons, LEDs, fans, etc.The PCA9555 consists of two 8-bit Configuration (Input or Output selection); Input, Outputand Polarity Inversion (active HIGH or active LOW operation) registers. The systemmaster can enable the I/Os as either inputs or outputs by writing to the I/O configurationbits. The data for each Input or Output is kept in the corresponding Input or Outputregister. The polarity of the read register can be inverted with the Polarity Inversionregister. All registers can be read by the system master. Although pin-to-pin and I2C-busaddress compatible with the PCF8575, software changes are required due to theenhancements, and are discussed in Application Note AN469.
上傳時(shí)間： 2013-11-13
上傳用戶：fredguo
The PCA9557 is a silicon CMOS circuit which provides parallel input/output expansion for SMBus and I2C-bus applications. The PCA9557 consists of an 8-bit input port register, 8-bit output port register, and an I2C-bus/SMBus interface. It has low current consumption and a high-impedance open-drain output pin, IO0. The system master can enable the PCA9557’s I/O as either input or output by writing to the configuration register. The system master can also invert the PCA9557 inputs by writing to the active HIGH polarity inversion register. Finally, the system master can reset the PCA9557 in the event of a time-out by asserting a LOW in the reset input. The power-on reset puts the registers in their default state and initializes the I2C-bus/SMBus state machine. The RESET pin causes the same reset/initialization to occur without de-powering the part.
標(biāo)簽： C-bus SMBus reset port
上傳時(shí)間： 2014-01-18
上傳用戶：bs2005
摘要: 串行傳輸技術(shù)具有更高的傳輸速率和更低的設(shè)計(jì)成本, 已成為業(yè)界首選, 被廣泛應(yīng)用于高速通信領(lǐng)域。提出了一種新的高速串行傳輸接口的設(shè)計(jì)方案, 改進(jìn)了Aurora 協(xié)議數(shù)據(jù)幀格式定義的弊端, 并采用高速串行收發(fā)器Rocket I/O, 實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)率為2.5 Gbps的高速串行傳輸。關(guān)鍵詞: 高速串行傳輸; Rocket I/O; Aurora 協(xié)議 為促使FPGA 芯片與串行傳輸技術(shù)更好地結(jié)合以滿足市場(chǎng)需求, Xilinx 公司適時(shí)推出了內(nèi)嵌高速串行收發(fā)器RocketI/O 的Virtex II Pro 系列FPGA 和可升級(jí)的小型鏈路層協(xié)議———Aurora 協(xié)議。Rocket I/O支持從622 Mbps 至3.125 Gbps的全雙工傳輸速率, 還具有8 B/10 B 編解碼、時(shí)鐘生成及恢復(fù)等功能, 可以理想地適用于芯片之間或背板的高速串行數(shù)據(jù)傳輸。Aurora 協(xié)議是為專有上層協(xié)議或行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的上層協(xié)議提供透明接口的第一款串行互連協(xié)議, 可用于高速線性通路之間的點(diǎn)到點(diǎn)串行數(shù)據(jù)傳輸, 同時(shí)其可擴(kuò)展的帶寬, 為系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)人員提供了所需要的靈活性[4]。但該協(xié)議幀格式的定義存在弊端,會(huì)導(dǎo)致系統(tǒng)資源的浪費(fèi)。本文提出的設(shè)計(jì)方案可以改進(jìn)Aurora 協(xié)議的固有缺陷,提高系統(tǒng)性能, 實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)率為2.5 Gbps 的高速串行傳輸, 具有良好的可行性和廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。
標(biāo)簽： Rocket 2.5 高速串行 收發(fā)器
上傳時(shí)間： 2013-11-06
上傳用戶：smallfish
The NCV7356 is a physical layer device for a single wire data linkcapable of operating with various Carrier Sense Multiple Accesswith Collision Resolution (CSMA/CR) protocols such as the BoschController Area Network (CAN) version 2.0. This serial data linknetwork is intended for use in applications where high data rate is notrequired and a lower data rate can achieve cost reductions in both thephysical media components and in the microprocessor and/ordedicated logic devices which use the network.The network shall be able to operate in either the normal data ratemode or a high-speed data download mode for assembly line andservice data transfer operations. The high-speed mode is onlyintended to be operational when the bus is attached to an off-boardservice node. This node shall provide temporary bus electrical loadswhich facilitate higher speed operation. Such temporary loads shouldbe removed when not performing download operations.The bit rate for normal communications is typically 33 kbit/s, forhigh-speed transmissions like described above a typical bit rate of83 kbit/s is recommended. The NCV7356 features undervoltagelockout, timeout for faulty blocked input signals, output blankingtime in case of bus ringing and a very low sleep mode current.
上傳時(shí)間： 2013-10-24
上傳用戶：s藍(lán)莓汁
The LPC2292/2294 microcontrollers are based on a 16/32-bit ARM7TDMI-S CPU with real-time emulation and embedded trace support, together with 256 kB of embedded high-speed flash memory. A 128-bit wide memory interface and a unique accelerator architecture enable 32-bit code execution at the maximum clock rate. For critical code size applications, the alternative 16-bit Thumb mode reduces code by more than 30 pct with minimal performance penalty. With their 144-pin package, low power consumption, various 32-bit timers, 8-channel 10-bit ADC, 2/4 (LPC2294) advanced CAN channels, PWM channels and up to nine external interrupt pins these microcontrollers are particularly suitable for automotive and industrial control applications as well as medical systems and fault-tolerant maintenance buses. The number of available fast GPIOs ranges from 76 (with external memory) through 112 (single-chip). With a wide range of additional serial communications interfaces, they are also suited for communication gateways and protocol converters as well as many other general-purpose applications. Remark: Throughout the data sheet, the term LPC2292/2294 will apply to devices with and without the /00 or /01 suffix. The suffixes /00 and /01 will be used to differentiate from other devices only when necessary.
標(biāo)簽： lpc datasheet 2292 2294
上傳時(shí)間： 2014-12-30
上傳用戶：aysyzxzm
Keil C51 V8 專業(yè)開(kāi)發(fā)工具（PK51） PK51是為8051系列單片機(jī)所設(shè)計(jì)的開(kāi)發(fā)工具，支持所有8051系列衍生產(chǎn)品，，支持帶擴(kuò)展存儲(chǔ)器和擴(kuò)展指令集（例如Dallas390/5240/400,Philips 51MX,Analog Devices MicroConverters）的新設(shè)備,以及支持很多公司的一流的設(shè)備和IP內(nèi)核,比如Analog Devices, Atmel, Cypress Semiconductor, Dallas Semiconductor, Goal, Hynix, Infineon, Intel, NXP(founded by Philips), OKI, Silicon Labs,SMSC, STMicroeleectronics,Synopsis, TDK, Temic, Texas Instruments,Winbond等。 通過(guò)PK51專業(yè)級(jí)開(kāi)發(fā)工具，可以輕松地了解8051的On-chip peripherals與及其它關(guān)鍵特性。 The PK51專業(yè)級(jí)開(kāi)發(fā)工具包括… l μVision Ø 集成開(kāi)發(fā)環(huán)境 Ø 調(diào)試器 Ø 軟件模擬器 l Keil 8051擴(kuò)展編譯工具 Ø AX51宏匯編程序 Ø ANSI C編譯工具 Ø LX51 連接器 Ø OHX51 Object-HEX 轉(zhuǎn)換器 l Keil 8051編譯工具 Ø A51宏匯編程序 Ø C51 ANSI C編譯工具 Ø BL51 代碼庫(kù)連接器 Ø OHX51 Object-HEX 轉(zhuǎn)換器 Ø OC51 集合目標(biāo)轉(zhuǎn)換器 l 目標(biāo)調(diào)試器 Ø FlashMON51 目標(biāo)監(jiān)控器 Ø MON51目標(biāo)監(jiān)控器 Ø MON390 (Dallas 390)目標(biāo)監(jiān)控器 Ø MONADI (Analog Devices 812)目標(biāo)監(jiān)控器 Ø ISD51 在系統(tǒng)調(diào)試 l RTX51微實(shí)時(shí)內(nèi)核 你應(yīng)該考慮PK51開(kāi)發(fā)工具包,如果你… l 需要用8051系列單片機(jī)來(lái)開(kāi)發(fā) l 需要開(kāi)發(fā) Dallas 390 或者 Philips 51MX代碼 l 需要用C編寫(xiě)代碼 l 需要一個(gè)軟件模擬器或是沒(méi)有硬件仿真器 l 需要在單芯片上基于小實(shí)時(shí)內(nèi)核創(chuàng)建復(fù)雜的應(yīng)用
標(biāo)簽： C51 V8 開(kāi)發(fā)工具
上傳時(shí)間： 2013-10-30
上傳用戶：yy_cn
多維多選擇背包問(wèn)題(MMKP)是0-1背包問(wèn)題的延伸，背包核已經(jīng)被用來(lái)設(shè)計(jì)解決背包問(wèn)題的高效算法。目的是研究如何獲得一種背包核，并以此高效處理多維多選擇背包問(wèn)題。首先給出了一種方法確定MMKP的核，然后闡述了利用核精確解決MMKP問(wèn)題的B&B算法，列出了具體的算法步驟。在分析了算法的存儲(chǔ)復(fù)雜度后，將算法在各種實(shí)例上的運(yùn)行效果與目前解決MMKP問(wèn)題的常用算法的運(yùn)行效果進(jìn)行了比較，發(fā)現(xiàn)本文的算法性能優(yōu)于以往任何算法。
上傳時(shí)間： 2013-11-20
上傳用戶：wangw7689
摘要: 串行傳輸技術(shù)具有更高的傳輸速率和更低的設(shè)計(jì)成本, 已成為業(yè)界首選, 被廣泛應(yīng)用于高速通信領(lǐng)域。提出了一種新的高速串行傳輸接口的設(shè)計(jì)方案, 改進(jìn)了Aurora 協(xié)議數(shù)據(jù)幀格式定義的弊端, 并采用高速串行收發(fā)器Rocket I/O, 實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)率為2.5 Gbps的高速串行傳輸。關(guān)鍵詞: 高速串行傳輸; Rocket I/O; Aurora 協(xié)議 為促使FPGA 芯片與串行傳輸技術(shù)更好地結(jié)合以滿足市場(chǎng)需求, Xilinx 公司適時(shí)推出了內(nèi)嵌高速串行收發(fā)器RocketI/O 的Virtex II Pro 系列FPGA 和可升級(jí)的小型鏈路層協(xié)議———Aurora 協(xié)議。Rocket I/O支持從622 Mbps 至3.125 Gbps的全雙工傳輸速率, 還具有8 B/10 B 編解碼、時(shí)鐘生成及恢復(fù)等功能, 可以理想地適用于芯片之間或背板的高速串行數(shù)據(jù)傳輸。Aurora 協(xié)議是為專有上層協(xié)議或行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的上層協(xié)議提供透明接口的第一款串行互連協(xié)議, 可用于高速線性通路之間的點(diǎn)到點(diǎn)串行數(shù)據(jù)傳輸, 同時(shí)其可擴(kuò)展的帶寬, 為系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)人員提供了所需要的靈活性[4]。但該協(xié)議幀格式的定義存在弊端,會(huì)導(dǎo)致系統(tǒng)資源的浪費(fèi)。本文提出的設(shè)計(jì)方案可以改進(jìn)Aurora 協(xié)議的固有缺陷,提高系統(tǒng)性能, 實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)率為2.5 Gbps 的高速串行傳輸, 具有良好的可行性和廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。
標(biāo)簽： Rocket 2.5 高速串行 收發(fā)器
上傳時(shí)間： 2013-10-13
上傳用戶：lml1234lml
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