An acronym for multiple-In, multiple-Out, MIMO communication sends the same data as several signals simultaneously through multiple antennas, while still utilizing a single radio channel. This is a form of antenna diversity, which uses multiple antennas to improve signal quality and strength of an RF link. The data is split into multiple data streams at the transmission point and recombined on the receive side by another MIMO radio configured with the same number of antennas. The receiver is designed to take into account the slight time difference between receptions of each signal, any additional noise or interference, and even lost signals.
標簽: Understanding_the_Basics_of_MIMO
上傳時間: 2020-06-01
上傳用戶:shancjb
Once upon a time, cellular wireless networks provided two basic services: voice telephony and low-rate text messaging. Users in the network were separated by orthogonal multiple access schemes, and cells by generous frequency reuse patterns [1]. Since then, the proliferation of wireless services, fierce competition, andthe emergenceof new service classes such as wireless data and multimediahave resulted in an ever increasing pressure on network operators to use resources in a moreefficient manner.In the contextof wireless networks,two of the most common resources are power and spectrum—and, due to regulations, these resources are typically scarce. Hence, in contrast to wired networks, overprovisioning is not feasible in wireless networks.
標簽: Maximization Nonconvex Wireless Utility Systems in
上傳時間: 2020-06-01
上傳用戶:shancjb
The advent of modern wireless devices, such as smart phones and MID 1 terminals, has revolutionized the way people think of personal connectivity. Such devices encompass multiple applications ranging from voice and video to high-speed data transfer via wireless networks. The voracious appetite of twenty-first century users for supporting more wireless applications on a single device is ever increasing. These devices employ multiple radios and modems that cover multiple frequency bands and multiple standards with a manifold of wireless applications often running simultaneously.
標簽: Architectures Wireless Receiver Design and
上傳時間: 2020-06-01
上傳用戶:shancjb
This book describes a unifying framework to networked teleoperation systems cutting across multiple research fields including networked control system for linear and nonlinear forms, bilateral teleoperation, trilateral teleoperation, multilateral teleoperation, cooperative teleoperation, and some teleoperation application examples. Networked control has been deeply studied at the intersection of systems & control and robotics for a long time, and many scholarly books on the topic have been already published. Nevertheless, the approach remains active even in several new research fields, such as bilateral teleoperation, single master and multiple slaves, trilateral teleoperation, and multilateral teleoperation
標簽: Teleoperation Intelligent Networked Control
上傳時間: 2020-06-10
上傳用戶:shancjb
ABSTRACTThe flyback power stage is a popular choice for single and multiple output dc-to-dc converters at powerlevels of 150 Watts or less. Without the output inductor required in buck derived topologies, such as theforward or push-pull converter, the component count and cost are reduced. This application note will reviewthe design procedure for the power stage and control electronics of a flyback converter. In these isolatedconverters, the error signal from the secondary still needs to cross the isolation boundary to achieveregulation. By using the UC3965 Precision Reference with Low Offset Error Amplifier on the secondaryside to drive an optocoupler and the UCC3809 Economy Primary Side Controller on the primary side, asimple and low cost 50 Watt isolated power supply is realized.
標簽: 隔離
上傳時間: 2021-11-24
上傳用戶:kingwide
General Design Specification:1. AC Input Range 180-264Vac, Isolated ac-dc offline, 12LEDS,Output 700mA2. Intelligent wall dimmer detections(Leading-edge dimmer , Trailing-edgedimmer , No-dimmer)3. multiple dimming control scheme4. Wide dimming range from 1% up to 100%5. No visible flicker6. Resonant control to achieve high efficiency7. High Power Factor, 0.9 without dimmer8. Temperature degrade control to adjust the LED9. Primary-only Sensing eliminates opto-isolator feedback and simplifies design
標簽: iw3617
上傳時間: 2021-12-03
上傳用戶:canderile
解讀 5G 八大關鍵技術 【摘要】5G 不是一次革命,5G 是 4G 的延續,我相信 5G 在核心網部分不會有太 大的變動,5G 的關鍵技術集中在無線部分。 在進入主題之前,我覺得首先應該弄清楚一個問題:為什么需要 5G?不是因 為通信工程師們突然想改變世界,而炮制了一個 5G。是因為先有了需求,才有了 5G。什么需求? 未來的網絡將會面對:1000 倍的數據容量增長,10 到 100 倍的無線設備連接, 10 到 100 倍的用戶速率需求,10 倍長的電池續航時間需求等等。坦白的講,4G 網絡無法滿足這些需求,所以 5G 就必須登場。 但是,5G 不是一次革命。5G 是 4G 的延續,我相信 5G 在核心網部分不會有 太大的變動,5G 的關鍵技術集中在無線部分。雖然 5G 最終將采用何種技術,目前 還沒有定論。不過,綜合各大高端論壇討論的焦點,我今天收集了 8 大關鍵技術。 當然,應該遠不止這些。 1.非正交多址接入技術 (Non-Orthogonal multiple Access,NOMA) 我們知道 3G 采用直接序列碼分多址(Direct Sequence CDMA ,DS-CDMA) 技術,手機接收端使用 Rake 接收器,由于其非正交特性,就得使用快速功率控制 (Fast transmission power control ,TPC)來解決手機和小區之間的遠-近問題。 而 4G 網絡則采用正交頻分多址(
標簽: 5G
上傳時間: 2022-02-25
上傳用戶:20125101110
5G通信系統中massive-MIMO-FBMC技術的結合概述摘要為了應對第五代移動通信(5G)中更高數據率和更低時延的需求,大規模MIMO (massive multiple-input multiple-output)技術已經被提出并被廣泛研究。大規模 MIMO技術能大幅度地提升多用戶網絡的容量。而在5G中的帶寬研究方面,特別 是針對碎片頻譜和頻譜靈活性問題,現有的正交頻分多址(Orthogonal Frequency Division multiplexing, OFDM)技術不可能應對未來的挑戰,新的波形方案需要 被設計出來。基于此,FBMC(filter bank multicarrier)技術由于具有比OFDM低 得多的帶外頻譜泄露而被受到重視,并已被標準推進組IMT-2020列為5G物理層 的主要備選方案之一。 本文首先回顧了5G中波形設計方案(主要是FBMC調制)和大規模多天線系 統(即massive MIMO)的現有工作和主要挑戰。然后,簡要介紹了基于Massive MIMO的FBMC系統中的自均衡性質,該性質可以用于減少系統所需的子載波數 目。同時,FBMC中的盲信道跟蹤性質可以用于消除massive MIMO系統中的導頻 污染問題。盡管如此,如何將FBMC技術應用于massive MIMO系統中的誤碼率、 計算復雜度、線性需求等方面仍然不明確,未來更多的研究工作需要在massive MIMO-FBMC方面展開來。 關鍵詞:大規模MIMO;FBMC;自均衡;導頻污染;盲均衡
上傳時間: 2022-02-25
上傳用戶:
隨著個人通信和移動通信技術在世界范圍內的迅猛發展,人們對移動通信的服務質量要求也越來越高.WCDMA(Wideband Code Division multiple Access)作為第三代移動通信系統的三大標準之一,因為具有優良的通信質量和較高的頻譜利用率而被廣泛應用.在WCDMA接收機中,射頻前端電路占有重要的地位,其性能優劣直按影響著接收機的接收靈敏度以及后繼信號處理部分的性能.因此,進行WCDMA射頻電路的研究和設計具有重要的現實意義.天線和低噪聲放大器(LNA)是射頻(RF)接收機芯片的重要組成部分。本文在廣泛查閱國內、外參考文獻的基礎上,對微帶天線的寬頻帶技術和LNA的設計原理進行了深入地研究.綜合多種寬頻帶技術,本文采用L形探針饋電與雙E形槽貼片相結合的方法,提出了一款適合于WCDMA基站的寬頻帶微帶天線結構。利用電磁仿真軟件HFSS對該天線的性能進行了研究,研究了天線貼片尺寸對天線性能的影響。在此基礎上,優化設計了適用于WCDMA基站的寬頻帶微帶天線,并對其進行了加工、測試和分析,仿真和測試結果均表明,該天線-10dB回波損耗帶寬為520MHz,天線在2GHz的增益為7.88dBi,滿足WCDMA基站的要求.另外,本文還根據WCDMA基站對LNA性能的要求,利用仿真軟件ADS(Advanced Design System)設計了一款高線性的兩級平衡低噪聲放大器,給出了電路原理圖,并制作了版圖,結果表明,該低噪聲放大器在1.92GH2~1.98GHz頻段增益不低于30dB,噪聲系數小于1dB,滿足WCDMA的要求,具有一定的實用價值。
上傳時間: 2022-06-20
上傳用戶:
0引言當今國際上有影響的現場總線標準很多,眾多的現場總線標準給控制系統的集成帶來不便,使得各廠商生產的現場總線產品難以集成在一起,實現互可操作。在現場總線難以統一的情況下,以太網在工業自動化和過程控制領域獲得了迅速增長。當前,不少廠商都為其生產的PLC及其遠程1/0提供與以太網相連的接口和功能,提供把PLC和以太網相結合的產品,將基于TCP/IP協議開發的以太網與PLC控制器相結合,就可以構筑全分散、全開放的工業控制系統。1局域網技術與以太網局域網分布距離短,具有短小靈活和結構規整的特點,容易形成標準,因此局域網技術是計算機網絡技術中最為標準化的一部分。國際電子電工工程師協會IEEE在70年代就制定了3個局域網標準IEEE802.3(CSMA/CD).IEEE802.4< 牌總S).ПEEE802.5(令牌).UkAtIEEE802.3(CS-MA/CD)的一個典型產品,即一般把符合IEEE802.3的特定實現稱為以太網。其中,CSMA/CD是Carrier Sense multiple Access With Colli-sion Detection的縮寫,含有兩方面的內容:載波偵聽(CSMA)和沖突檢測(CD),CSMA/CD訪問控制方式主要用于總線形和樹形網絡拓撲結構,基帶傳輸系統。信息傳輸是以“包”為單位,簡稱信包。
上傳時間: 2022-06-23
上傳用戶: