This is an analog signal communication simulator, usign frequency modulation. It is designed in MATLAB-Simulink. The communications channel beetween the transmitter and the reciever is supposed to be affected by additive white Gaussian noise.
微弱信號檢測裝置
四川理工學(xué)院 劉鵬飛、梁天德、曾學(xué)明
摘要：
本設(shè)計(jì)以TI的Launch Pad為核心板，采用鎖相放大技術(shù)設(shè)計(jì)并制作了一套微弱信號檢測裝置，用以檢測在強(qiáng)噪聲背景下已知頻率微弱正弦波信號的幅度值，并在液晶屏上數(shù)字顯示出所測信號相應(yīng)的幅度值。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示其抗干擾能力強(qiáng)，測量精度高。
關(guān)鍵詞：強(qiáng)噪聲；微弱信號；鎖相放大；Launch Pad
Abstract:
This design is based on the Launch Pad of TI core board, using a lock-in amplifier technique designed and produced a weak signal detection device, to measure the known frequency sine wave signal amplitude values of the weak in the high noise background, and shows the measured signal amplitude of the corresponding value in the liquid crystal screen. Test results showed that it has high accuracy and strong anti-jamming capability.
Keywords: weak signal detection; lock-in-amplifier; Launch Pad
1、引言
隨著現(xiàn)代科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展，在科研與生產(chǎn)過程中人們越來越需要從復(fù)雜高強(qiáng)度的噪聲中檢測出有用的微弱信號，因此對微弱信號的檢測成為當(dāng)前科研的熱點(diǎn)。微弱信號并不意味著信號幅度小，而是指被噪聲淹沒的信號，“微弱”也僅是相對于噪聲而言的。只有在有效抑制噪聲的條件下有選擇的放大微弱信號的幅度，才能提取出有用信號。微弱信號檢測技術(shù)的應(yīng)用相當(dāng)廣泛，在生物醫(yī)學(xué)、光學(xué)、電學(xué)、材料科學(xué)等相關(guān)領(lǐng)域顯得愈發(fā)重要。
2、方案論證
針對微弱信號的檢測的方法有很多，比如濾波法、取樣積分器、鎖相放大器等。下面就針對這幾種方法做一簡要說明。
方案一：濾波法。
在大部分的檢測儀器中都要用到濾波方法對模擬信號進(jìn)行一定的處理，例如隔離直流分量，改善信號波形，防止離散化時(shí)的波形混疊，克服噪聲的不利影響，提高信噪比等。常用的噪聲濾波器有：帶通、帶阻、高通、低通等。但是濾波方法檢測信號不能用于信號頻譜與噪聲頻譜重疊的情況，有其局限性。雖然可以對濾波器的通頻帶進(jìn)行調(diào)節(jié)，但其噪聲抑制能力有限，同時(shí)其準(zhǔn)確性與穩(wěn)定性將大打折扣。
ANALOG INPUT BANDWIDTH is a measure of the frequencyat which the reconstructed output fundamental drops3 dB below its low frequency value for a full scale input. Thetest is performed with fIN equal to 100 kHz plus integer multiplesof fCLK. The input frequency at which the output is −3dB relative to the low frequency input signal is the full powerbandwidth.APERTURE JITTER is the variation in aperture delay fromsample to sample. Aperture jitter shows up as input noise.APERTURE DELAY See Sampling Delay.BOTTOM OFFSET is the difference between the input voltagethat just causes the output code to transition to the firstcode and the negative reference voltage. Bottom Offset isdefined as EOB = VZT–VRB, where VZT is the first code transitioninput voltage and VRB is the lower reference voltage.Note that this is different from the normal Zero Scale Error.CONVERSION LATENCY See PIPELINE DELAY.CONVERSION TIME is the time required for a completemeasurement by an analog-to-digital converter. Since theConversion Time does not include acquisition time, multiplexerset up time, or other elements of a complete conversioncycle, the conversion time may be less than theThroughput Time.DC COMMON-MODE ERROR is a specification which appliesto ADCs with differential inputs. It is the change in theoutput code that occurs when the analog voltages on the twoinputs are changed by an equal amount. It is usually expressed in LSBs.
高的工作電壓高達(dá)100V N雙N溝道MOSFET同步驅(qū)動(dòng) The D810DCDC is a synchronous step-down switching regulator controller that can directly step-down voltages from up to 100V, making it ideal for telecom and automotive applications. The D810DCDC uses a constant on-time valley current control architecture to deliver very low duty cycles with accurate cycle-by-cycle current limit, without requiring a sense resistor. A precise internal reference provides 0.5% DC accuracy. A high bandwidth (25MHz) error amplifi er provides very fast line and load transient response. Large 1Ω gate drivers allow the D810DCDC to drive multiple MOSFETs for higher current applications. The operating frequency is selected by an external resistor and is compensated for variations in VIN and can also be synchronized to an external clock for switching-noise sensitive applications. Integrated bias control generates gate drive power from the input supply during start-up and when an output shortcircuit occurs, with the addition of a small external SOT23 MOSFET. When in regulation, power is derived from the output for higher effi ciency.
Avalanche photo diode (APD) receiver modules arewidely used in fi ber optic communication systems. AnAPD module contains the APD and a signal conditioningamplifi er, but is not completely self contained. It stillrequires signifi cant support circuitry including a highvoltage, low noise power supply and a precision currentmonitor to indicate the signal strength. The challenge issqueezing this support circuitry into applications withlimited board space. The LT®3482 addresses this challengeby integrating a monolithic DC/DC step-up converter andan accurate current monitor. The LT3482 can supportup to a 90V APD bias voltage, and the current monitorprovides better than 10% accuracy over four decades ofdynamic range (250nA to 2.5mA).
Internal Interrupts are used to respond to asynchronous requests from a certain part of themicrocontroller that needs to be serviced. Each peripheral in the TriCore as well as theBus Control Unit, the Debug Unit, the Peripheral Control Processor (PCP) and the CPUitself can generate an Interrupt Request.So what is an external Interrupt?An external Interrupt is something alike as the internal Interrupt. The difference is that anexternal Interrupt request is caused by an external event. Normally this would be a pulseon Port0 or Port1, but it can be even a signal from the input buffer of the SSC, indicatingthat a service is requested.The User’s Manual does not explain this aspect in detail so this ApNote will explain themost common form of an external Interrupt request. This ApNote will show that there is aneasy way to react on a pulse on Port0 or Port1 and to create with this impulse an InterruptService Request. Later in the second part of the document, you can find hints on how todebounce impulses to enable the use of a simple switch as the input device.Note: You will find additional information on how to setup the Interrupt System in theApNote “First steps through the TriCore Interrupt System” (AP3222xx)1. It would gobeyond the scope of this document to explain this here, but you will find selfexplanatoryexamples later on.
The Molgedey and Schuster decorrelation algorithm, having square mixing matrix and no noise . Truncation is used for the time shifted matrix, and it is forced to be symmetric . The delay Tau is estimated .
The number of independent components are calculated using Bayes Information Criterion (BIC), with PCA for dimension reduction.
to show the waveform of audio file and play it on computer
Purpose: Familiar with WAV file format and UI design
It should have the following functions:
Provide a Graphic User Interface for user to browse the file system and select one WAV file
Show the waveform of input audio signal
Play the selected WAV file
Print the parameters of WAV file such as sampling rate, bit-depth, etc
