This book was conceived in such a special way. From our experience, and despite the
increasing interest that we perceived amongst the research community in HAPS,
there was not any book in the market entirely devoted to HAPS. We could only find
some satellite communications books including only fragments related to HAPS,
covering the ‘generalities’. A need for a reference book which could highlight state-
of-the-art HAPS-related topics was therefore envisaged. Moreover, most of the
information related to HAPS could only be found in technical reports, official
recommendations, conference proceedings and journal papers.
This books attempts to provide an extensive overview on Long-Term Evolution
(LTE) networks. Understanding LTE and its Performance is purposely written to
appeal to a broad audience and to be of value to anyone who is interested in 3GPP
LTE or wireless broadband networks more generally. The aim of this book is to
offer comprehensive coverage of current state-of-the-art theoretical and techno-
logical aspects of broadband mobile and wireless networks focusing on LTE. The
presentation starts from basic principles and proceeds smoothly to most advanced
topics. Provided schemes are developed and oriented in the context of very actual
closed standards, the 3 GPPP LTE.
Cognitive radios have become a vital solution that allows sharing of the scarce
frequency spectrum available for wireless systems. It has been demonstrated
that it can be used for future wireless systems as well as integrated into 4G/5G
wireless systems. Although there is a great amount of literature in the design of
cognitive radios from a system and networking point of view, there has been very
limited available literature detailing the circuit implementation of such systems.
Our textbook, Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design for Cognitive Radios, is
the first book to fill a disconnect in the literature between Cognitive Radio systems
and a detailed account of the circuit implementation and architectures required to
implement such systems. In addition, this book describes several novel concepts
that advance state-of-the-art cognitive radio systems.
The continuing vitality of spread-spectrum communication systems and the devel-
opment of new mathematical methods for their analysis provided the motivation to
undertake this new edition of the book. This edition is intended to enable readers
to understand the current state-of-the-art in this field. Almost twenty percent of the
materialinthiseditionisnew, includingseveralnewsections, anewchapteronadap-
tive arrays and filters, and a new chapter on code-division multiple-access networks.
The remainder of the material has been thoroughly revised, and I have removed a
considerable amount of material that has been superseded by more definitive results.
We are very pleased to introduce the proceedings of the First EAI International
Conference on Smart Grid Inspired Future Technologies (SmartGIFT 2016). This was
the first SmartGIFT conference, aiming to create a forum for researches, developers,
and practitioners from both academia and industry to publish their key results and to
disseminate state-of-the-art concepts and techniques in all aspects of smart grids. The
37 scientific participants had many fruitful discussions and exchanges that contributed
to the success of the conference. Participants from 12 countries made the conference
truly international in scope.
Although state of the art in many typical machine learning tasks, deep learning
algorithmsareverycostly interms ofenergyconsumption,duetotheirlargeamount
of required computations and huge model sizes. Because of this, deep learning
applications on battery-constrained wearables have only been possible through
wireless connections with a resourceful cloud. This setup has several drawbacks.
First, there are privacy concerns. Cloud computing requires users to share their raw
data—images, video, locations, speech—with a remote system. Most users are not
willing to do this. Second, the cloud-setup requires users to be connected all the
time, which is unfeasible given current cellular coverage. Furthermore, real-time
applications require low latency connections, which cannot be guaranteed using
the current communication infrastructure. Finally, wireless connections are very
inefficient—requiringtoo much energyper transferredbit for real-time data transfer
on energy-constrained platforms.
It all started rather innocuously. I walked into Dr GT Murthy’s office one fine day, andchanged my life. “Doc” was then the General Manager, Central R&D, of a very largeelectrical company headquartered in Bombay. In his new state-of-the-art electronics center,he had hand-picked some of India’s best engineers (over a hundred already) ever assembledunder one roof. Luckily, he too was originally a Physicist, and that certainly helped me gainsome empathy. Nowadays he is in retirement, but I will always remember him as athoroughly fair, honest and facts-oriented person, who led by example. There were severalthings I absorbed from him that are very much part of my basic engineering persona today.You can certainly look upon this book as an extension of what Doc started many years agoin India … because that’s what it really is! I certainly wouldn’t be here today if I hadn’t metDoc. And in fact, several of the brash, high-flying managers I’ve met in recent years,desperately need some sort of crash course in technology and human values from Doc!
Mathematical modeling has become an important part of the research and devclopment work in engineering and scicnce. Retaining a competitive edge requiresa fast path between ideas and prototypes, and in this regard mathematical modeling and simulation provide a valuable shortcut for understanding both qualitative and quantitative aspects of scientific and engineering design. To assist you in gaining this edge, COMSOL Multiphysics offers state-of-the art performance, being built from the ground up with a Java3D interface and C/C++ solvers.The Acoustics Module is an optional package that extends the COMSOL Multiphysicsmodcling cnvironment with customized user interfaces and functionality optimizcd for the analysis of acoustics. Like all modules in the COMSOL family, it provides a brary of prewritten ready-to-run models that make it quicker and casier to analyze disciplinc-specific problcms.
The PCA9544A provides 4 interrupt inputs, one for each channeland one open drain interrupt output. When an interrupt is generated byany device, it will be detected by the PCA9544A and the interruptoutput will be driven LOW. The channel need not be active fordetection of the interrupt. A bit is also set in the control byte.Bits 4 – 7 of the control byte correspond to channels 0 – 3 of thePCA9544A, respectively. Therefore, if an interrupt is generated byany device connected to channel 2, the state of the interrupt inputs isloaded into the control register when a read is accomplished.Likewise, an interrupt on any device connected to channel 0 wouldcause bit 4 of the control register to be set on the read. The mastercan then address the PCA9544A and read the contents of thecontrol byte to determine which channel contains the devicegenerating the interrupt. The master can then reconfigure thePCA9544A to select this channel, and locate the device generatingthe interrupt and clear it. The interrupt clears when the deviceoriginating the interrupt clears.
Radio frequency identification (RFID) and Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are
the two key wireless technologies that have diversified applications in the present
and the upcoming systems in this area. RFID is a wireless automated recognition
technology which is primarily used to recognize objects or to follow their posi-
tion without providing any sign about the physical form of the substance. On the
other hand, WSN not only offers information about the state of the substance
and environment but also enables multi-hop wireless communications.
