The Ralink 802.11n Chipset family provides solutions for PCI, PCIe and USB interfaces with both 2.4 and 2.4/5GHz suppport. Each chipset consists of two highly integrated ICs (RFIC and BB/MAC IC) that fully comply with current draft IEEE 802.11n and IEEE 802.11a/b/g standards.
標簽： interfaces solutions provides Chipset
上傳時間： 2014-01-13
上傳用戶：Thuan
外國人開發的電磁時域有限差分方法工具包 Electromagnetic Finite-Difference Time-Domain (EmFDTD) is a basic two-dimensional FDTD code developed at the School of Electrical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology. This code has been written based on the standard Yee s FDTD algorithm. Applications include propagation, scattering, and diffraction of electromagnetic waves in homogeneous and non-homogeneous isotropic media for in-plane propagating waves. Negative permittivites or permeabilities as well as dispersion is not included. Zero, Periodic, and Perfectly Matched Layer boundary conditions may be selectively applied to the solution domain. The program is best suited for study of propagation and diffraction of electromagnetic waves in Photonic Crystal structures. EmFDTD is written in MATLAB language and has been tested under MATLAB 5.0 and higher versions.
標簽： Finite-Difference Electromagnetic two-dimensio Time-Domain
上傳時間： 2014-11-24
上傳用戶：watch100
A cylindrical wave expansion method is developed to obtain the scattering field for an ideal two-dimensional cylindrical invisibility cloak. A near-ideal model of the invisibility cloak is set up to solve the boundary problem at the inner boundary of the cloak shell. We confirm that a cloak with the ideal material parameters is a perfect invisibility cloak by systematically studying the change of the scattering coefficients from the near-ideal case to the ideal one. However, due to the slow convergence of the zeroth order scattering coefficients, a tiny perturbation on the cloak would induce a noticeable field scattering and penetration.
標簽： cylindrical scattering expansion developed
上傳時間： 2017-03-30
上傳用戶：lhc9102
A Convex Hull is the smallest convex polygon that contains every point of the set S. A polygon P is convex if and only if, for any two points A and B inside the polygon, the line segment AB is inside P. One way to visualize a convex hull is to put a "rubber band" around all the points, and let it wrap as tight as it can. The resultant polygon is a convex hull.
上傳時間： 2013-12-23
上傳用戶：it男一枚
A design about 8051 (running at 12MHz) based system with 3 7-Seg displays and two buttons to implement the following functions. 1. When press the + button, the display C = A+B. 2. When press the button, the display C = A - B. “A” and “B” are 8-bit inputs when “C” is 9-bit output.
上傳時間： 2015-05-05
上傳用戶：guoxiy
/* ********************************************************************************************************* * uC/TCP-IP V2 * The Embedded TCP/IP Suite * * (c) Copyright 2003-2010; Micrium, Inc.; Weston, FL * * All rights reserved. Protected by international copyright laws. * * uC/TCP-IP is provided in source form to registered licensees ONLY. It is * illegal to distribute this source code to any third party unless you receive * written permission by an authorized Micrium representative. Knowledge of * the source code may NOT be used to develop a similar product. * * Please help us continue to provide the Embedded community with the finest * software available. Your honesty is greatly appreciated. * * You can contact us at www.micrium.com. ********************************************************************************************************* */ /* ********************************************************************************************************* * * NETWORK TCP LAYER * (TRANSMISSION CONTROL PROTOCOL) * * Filename : net_tcp.h * Version : V2.10 * Programmer(s) : ITJ ********************************************************************************************************* * Note(s) : (1) Supports Transmission Control Protocol as described in RFC #793 with the following * restrictions/constraints : * * (a) TCP Security & Precedence NOT supported RFC # 793, Section 3.6 * * (b) TCP Urgent Data NOT supported RFC # 793, Section 3.7 * 'The Communication of * Urgent Information' * * (c) The following TCP options NOT supported : * * (1) Window Scale RFC #1072, Section 2 * RFC #1323, Section 2 * (2) Selective Acknowledgement (SACK) RFC #1072, Section 3 * RFC #2018 * RFC #2883 * (3) TCP Echo RFC #1072, Section 4 * (4) Timestamp RFC #1323, Section 3.2 * (5) Protection Against Wrapped Sequences (PAWS) RFC #1323, Section 4 * * (d) #### IP-Options-to-TCP-Connection RFC #1122, Section 4.2.3.8 * Handling NOT supported * * (e) #### ICMP-Error-Message-to-TCP-Connection RFC #1122, Section 4.2.3.9 * Handling NOT currently supported * * (2) TCP Layer assumes/requires Network Socket Layer (see 'net_sock.h MODULE Note #1a2'). ********************************************************************************************************* */ /*$PAGE*/ /* ********************************************************************************************************* * MODULE * * Note(s) : (1) TCP Layer module is NOT required for UDP-to-Application API configuration. * * See also 'net_cfg.h TRANSPORT LAYER CONFIGURATION' * & 'net_cfg.h USER DATAGRAM PROTOCOL LAYER CONFIGURATION'. * * See also 'net_tcp.h Note #2'. * * (2) The following TCP-module-present configuration value MUST be pre-#define'd in * 'net_cfg_net.h' PRIOR to all other network modules that require TCP Layer * configuration (see 'net_cfg_net.h TCP LAYER CONFIGURATION Note #2b') : * * NET_TCP_MODULE_PRESENT ********************************************************************************************************* */ #ifdef NET_TCP_MODULE_PRESENT /* See Note #2. */ /* ********************************************************************************************************* * EXTERNS ********************************************************************************************************* */ #if ((defined(NET_TCP_MODULE)) && \ (defined(NET_GLOBALS_EXT))) #define NET_TCP_EXT #else #define NET_TCP_EXT extern #endif /*$PAGE*/ /* ********************************************************************************************************* * DEFINES ********************************************************************************************************* */ /* ********************************************************************************************************* * TCP HEADER DEFINES * * Note(s) : (1) The following TCP value MUST be pre-#define'd in 'net_def.h' PRIOR to 'net_buf.h' so that * the Network Buffer Module can configure maximum buffer header size (see 'net_def.h TCP * LAYER DEFINES' & 'net_buf.h NETWORK BUFFER INDEX & SIZE DEFINES Note #1') : * * (a) NET_TCP_HDR_SIZE_MAX 60 (NET_TCP_HDR_LEN_MAX * * NET_TCP_HDR_LEN_WORD_SIZE) * * (2) Urgent pointer & data NOT supported (see 'net_tcp.h Note #1b'). ********************************************************************************************************* */ #define NET_TCP_HDR_LEN_MASK 0xF000u #define NET_TCP_HDR_LEN_SHIFT 12u #define NET_TCP_HDR_LEN_NONE 0u #define NET_TCP_HDR_LEN_MIN 5u #define NET_TCP_HDR_LEN_MAX 15u #define NET_TCP_HDR_LEN_WORD_SIZE CPU_WORD_SIZE_32 #define NET_TCP_HDR_SIZE_MIN (NET_TCP_HDR_LEN_MIN * NET_TCP_HDR_LEN_WORD_SIZE) #if 0 /* See Note #1a. */ #define NET_TCP_HDR_SIZE_MAX (NET_TCP_HDR_LEN_MAX * NET_TCP_HDR_LEN_WORD_SIZE) #endif #define NET_TCP_HDR_SIZE_TOT_MIN (NET_IP_HDR_SIZE_TOT_MIN + NET_TCP_HDR_SIZE_MIN) #define NET_TCP_HDR_SIZE_TOT_MAX (NET_IP_HDR_SIZE_TOT_MAX + NET_TCP_HDR_SIZE_MAX) #define NET_TCP_PSEUDO_HDR_SIZE 12u /* = sizeof(NET_TCP_PSEUDO_HDR) */ #define NET_TCP_PORT_NBR_RESERVED NET_PORT_NBR_RESERVED #define NET_TCP_PORT_NBR_NONE NET_TCP_PORT_NBR_RESERVED #define NET_TCP_HDR_URG_PTR_NONE 0x0000u /* See Note #2. */ /*$PAGE*/ /* ********************************************************************************************************* * TCP HEADER FLAG DEFINES * * Note(s) : (1) See 'TCP HEADER Note #2' for flag fields. * * (2) Urgent pointer & data NOT supported (see 'net_tcp.h Note #1b'). ********************************************************************************************************* */ #define NET_TCP_HDR_FLAG_MASK 0x0FFFu #define NET_TCP_HDR_FLAG_NONE DEF_BIT_NONE #define NET_TCP_HDR_FLAG_RESERVED 0x0FE0u /* MUST be '0'. */ #define NET_TCP_HDR_FLAG_URGENT DEF_BIT_05 /* See Note #2. */ #define NET_TCP_HDR_FLAG_ACK DEF_BIT_04 #define NET_TCP_HDR_FLAG_PUSH DEF_BIT_03 #define NET_TCP_HDR_FLAG_RESET DEF_BIT_02 #define NET_TCP_HDR_FLAG_SYNC DEF_BIT_01 #define NET_TCP_HDR_FLAG_FIN DEF_BIT_00 #define NET_TCP_HDR_FLAG_CLOSE NET_TCP_HDR_FLAG_FIN /* ********************************************************************************************************* * TCP FLAG DEFINES ********************************************************************************************************* */ /* ------------------ NET TCP FLAGS ------------------- */ #define NET_TCP_FLAG_NONE DEF_BIT_NONE #define NET_TCP_FLAG_USED DEF_BIT_00 /* TCP conn cur used; i.e. NOT in free TCP conn pool. */ /* ------------------ TCP TX FLAGS ------------------- */ /* TCP tx flags copied from TCP hdr flags. */ #define NET_TCP_FLAG_TX_FIN NET_TCP_HDR_FLAG_FIN #define NET_TCP_FLAG_TX_CLOSE NET_TCP_FLAG_TX_FIN #define NET_TCP_FLAG_TX_SYNC NET_TCP_HDR_FLAG_SYNC #define NET_TCP_FLAG_TX_RESET NET_TCP_HDR_FLAG_RESET #define NET_TCP_FLAG_TX_PUSH NET_TCP_HDR_FLAG_PUSH #define NET_TCP_FLAG_TX_ACK NET_TCP_HDR_FLAG_ACK #define NET_TCP_FLAG_TX_URGENT NET_TCP_HDR_FLAG_URGENT #define NET_TCP_FLAG_TX_BLOCK DEF_BIT_07 /* ------------------ TCP RX FLAGS ------------------- */ #define NET_TCP_FLAG_RX_DATA_PEEK DEF_BIT_08 #define NET_TCP_FLAG_RX_BLOCK DEF_BIT_15 /*$PAGE*/ /* ********************************************************************************************************* * TCP TYPE DEFINES * * Note(s) : (1) NET_TCP_TYPE_&&& #define values specifically chosen as ASCII representations of the TCP * types. Memory displays of TCP types will display with their chosen ASCII names. ********************************************************************************************************* */ /* ------------------ NET TCP TYPES ------------------- */ #if (CPU_CFG_ENDIAN_TYPE == CPU_ENDIAN_TYPE_BIG) #define NET_TCP_TYPE_NONE 0x4E4F4E45u /* "NONE" in ASCII. */ #define NET_TCP_TYPE_CONN 0x54435020u /* "TCP " in ASCII. */ #else #if (CPU_CFG_DATA_SIZE == CPU_WORD_SIZE_32) #define NET_TCP_TYPE_NONE 0x454E4F4Eu /* "NONE" in ASCII. */ #define NET_TCP_TYPE_CONN 0x20504354u /* "TCP " in ASCII. */ #elif (CPU_CFG_DATA_SIZE == CPU_WORD_SIZE_16) #define NET_TCP_TYPE_NONE 0x4F4E454Eu /* "NONE" in ASCII. */ #define NET_TCP_TYPE_CONN 0x43542050u /* "TCP " in ASCII. */ #else /* Dflt CPU_WORD_SIZE_08. */ #define NET_TCP_TYPE_NONE 0x4E4F4E45u /* "NONE" in ASCII. */ #define NET_TCP_TYPE_CONN 0x54435020u /* "TCP " in ASCII. */ #endif #endif /* ********************************************************************************************************* * TCP SEQUENCE NUMBER DEFINES * * Note(s) : (1) TCP initial transmit sequence number is incremented by a fixed value, preferably a large * prime value or a large value with multiple unique factors. * * (a) One reasonable TCP initial transmit sequence number increment value example : * * 65527 = 37 * 23 * 11 * 7 * * * #### NET_TCP_TX_SEQ_NBR_CTR_INC could be developer-configured in 'net_cfg.h'. * * See also 'NET_TCP_TX_GET_SEQ_NBR() Notes #1b2 & #1c2'. ********************************************************************************************************* */ #define NET_TCP_SEQ_NBR_NONE 0u #define NET_TCP_ACK_NBR_NONE NET_TCP_SEQ_NBR_NONE #define NET_TCP_TX_SEQ_NBR_CTR_INC 65527u /* See Note #1. */ #define NET_TCP_ACK_NBR_DUP_WIN_SIZE_SCALE 4 /*$PAGE*/ /* ********************************************************************************************************* * TCP DATA/TOTAL LENGTH DEFINES * * Note(s) : (1) (a) TCP total length #define's (NET_TCP_TOT_LEN) relate to the total size of a complete * TCP packet, including the packet's TCP header. Note that a complete TCP packet MAY * be fragmented in multiple Internet Protocol packets. * * (b) TCP data length #define's (NET_TCP_DATA_LEN) relate to the data size of a complete * TCP packet, equal to the total TCP packet length minus its TCP header size. Note * that a complete TCP packet MAY be fragmented in multiple Internet Protocol packets. ********************************************************************************************************* */ /* See Notes #1a & #1b. */ #define NET_TCP_DATA_LEN_MIN 0u #define NET_TCP_TOT_LEN_MIN (NET_TCP_HDR_SIZE_MIN + NET_TCP_DATA_LEN_MIN) #define NET_TCP_TOT_LEN_MAX (NET_IP_TOT_LEN_MAX - NET_IP_HDR_SIZE_MIN ) #define NET_TCP_DATA_LEN_MAX (NET_TCP_TOT_LEN_MAX - NET_TCP_HDR_SIZE_MIN) /*$PAGE*/ /* ********************************************************************************************************* * TCP SEGMENT SIZE DEFINES * * Note(s) : (1) (a) RFC # 879, Section 3 states that the TCP Maximum Segment Size "counts only * data octets in the segment, ... not the TCP header or the IP header". * * (b) RFC #1122, Section 4.2.2.6 requires that : * * (1) "The MSS value to be sent in an MSS option must be less than or equal to * * (A) MMS_R - 20 * * where MMS_R is the maximum size for a transport-layer message that can * be received." * * (2) "If an MSS option is not received at connection setup, TCP MUST assume a * default send MSS of 536 (576 - 40)." * * See also 'net_ip.h IP DATA/TOTAL LENGTH DEFINES Note #1'. ********************************************************************************************************* */ /* See Note #1. */ #define NET_TCP_MAX_SEG_SIZE_DFLT (NET_IP_MAX_DATAGRAM_SIZE_DFLT - NET_IP_HDR_SIZE_MIN - NET_TCP_HDR_SIZE_MIN) #define NET_TCP_MAX_SEG_SIZE_DFLT_RX NET_TCP_DATA_LEN_MAX /* See Note #1b1. */ #define NET_TCP_MAX_SEG_SIZE_DFLT_TX NET_TCP_MAX_SEG_SIZE_DFLT /* See Note #1b2. */ #define NET_TCP_MAX_SEG_SIZE_NONE 0u #define NET_TCP_MAX_SEG_SIZE_MIN NET_TCP_MAX_SEG_SIZE_DFLT #define NET_TCP_MAX_SEG_SIZE_MAX NET_TCP_DATA_LEN_MAX #define NET_TCP_SEG_LEN_MIN NET_TCP_DATA_LEN_MIN #define NET_TCP_SEG_LEN_MAX NET_TCP_DATA_LEN_MAX #define NET_TCP_SEG_LEN_SYNC 1u #define NET_TCP_SEG_LEN_FIN 1u #define NET_TCP_SEG_LEN_CLOSE NET_TCP_SEG_LEN_FIN #define NET_TCP_SEG_LEN_ACK 0u #define NET_TCP_SEG_LEN_RESET 0u #define NET_TCP_SEG_LEN_PROBE 0u #define NET_TCP_DATA_LEN_TX_SYNC 0u #define NET_TCP_DATA_LEN_TX_FIN 0u #define NET_TCP_DATA_LEN_TX_CLOSE NET_TCP_DATA_LEN_TX_FIN #define NET_TCP_DATA_LEN_TX_ACK 0u #define NET_TCP_DATA_LEN_TX_PROBE_NO_DATA 0u #define NET_TCP_DATA_LEN_TX_PROBE_DATA 1u #define NET_TCP_DATA_LEN_TX_RESET 0u #define NET_TCP_TX_PROBE_DATA 0x00u /* ********************************************************************************************************* * TCP WINDOW SIZE DEFINES * * Note(s) : (1) Although NO RFC specifies the absolute minimum TCP connection window size value allowed, * RFC #793, Section 3.7 'Data Communication : Managing the Window' states that for "the * window ... there is an assumption that this is related to the currently available data * buffer space available for this connection". ********************************************************************************************************* */ #define NET_TCP_WIN_SIZE_NONE 0u #define NET_TCP_WIN_SIZE_MIN NET_TCP_MAX_SEG_SIZE_MIN #define NET_TCP_WIN_SIZE_MAX DEF_INT_16U_MAX_VAL /*$PAGE*/ /* ********************************************************************************************************* * TCP HEADER OPTIONS DEFINES * * Note(s) : (1) See the following RFC's for TCP options summary : * * (a) RFC # 793, Section 3.1 'Header Format : Options' * (b) RFC #1122; Sections 4.2.2.5, 4.2.2.6 * * (2) TCP option types are encoded in the first octet for each TCP option as follows : * * -------- * | TYPE | * -------- * * The TCP option type value determines the TCP option format : * * (a) The following TCP option types are single-octet TCP options -- i.e. the option type * octet is the ONLY octet for the TCP option. * * (1) TYPE = 0 End of Options List * (2) TYPE = 1 No Operation * * * (b) All other TCP options MUST be multi-octet TCP options (see RFC #1122, Section 4.2.2.5) : * * ------------------------------ * | TYPE | LEN | TCP OPT | * ------------------------------ * * where * TYPE Indicates the specific TCP option type * LEN Indicates the total TCP option length, in octets, including * the option type & the option length octets * TCP OPT Additional TCP option octets, if any, that contain the remaining * TCP option information * * The following TCP option types are multi-octet TCP options where the option's second * octet specify the total TCP option length, in octets, including the option type & the * option length octets : * * (1) TYPE = 2 Maximum Segment Size See RFC # 793, Section 3.1 'Header Format : * Options : Maximum Segment Size'; * RFC #1122, Section 4.2.2.6; * RFC # 879, Section 3 * * (2) TYPE = 3 Window Scale See 'net_tcp.h Note #1c1' * (3) TYPE = 4 SACK Allowed See 'net_tcp.h Note #1c2' * (4) TYPE = 5 SACK Option See 'net_tcp.h Note #1c2' * (5) TYPE = 6 Echo Request See 'net_tcp.h Note #1c3' * (6) TYPE = 7 Echo Reply See 'net_tcp.h Note #1c3' * (7) TYPE = 8 Timestamp See 'net_tcp.h Note #1c4' * * (3) TCP header allows for a maximum option list length of 40 octets : * * NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_SIZE_MAX = NET_TCP_HDR_SIZE_MAX - NET_TCP_HDR_SIZE_MIN * * = 60 - 20 * * = 40 * * (4) 'NET_TCP_OPT_SIZE' MUST be pre-defined PRIOR to all definitions that require TCP option * size data type. ********************************************************************************************************* */ /*$PAGE*/ #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_END_LIST 0u #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_NOP 1u #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_MAX_SEG_SIZE 2u #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_WIN_SCALE 3u #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_SACK_PERMIT 4u #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_SACK 5u #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_ECHO_REQ 6u #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_ECHO_REPLY 7u #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_TS 8u #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_PAD NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_END_LIST #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_LEN_END_LIST 1u #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_LEN_NOP 1u #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_LEN_MAX_SEG_SIZE 4u #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_LEN_WIN_SCALE 3u #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_LEN_SACK_PERMIT 2u #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_LEN_ECHO_REQ 6u #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_LEN_ECHO_REPLY 6u #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_LEN_TS 10u #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_LEN_SACK_MIN 6u #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_LEN_SACK_MAX 38u #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_LEN_MIN 1u #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_LEN_MIN_LEN 2u #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_LEN_MAX 38u typedef CPU_INT32U NET_TCP_OPT_SIZE; /* TCP opt size data type (see Note #4). */ #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_SIZE_WORD (sizeof(NET_TCP_OPT_SIZE)) #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_SIZE_MAX (NET_TCP_HDR_SIZE_MAX - NET_TCP_HDR_SIZE_MIN) #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_NBR_MIN 0u #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_NBR_MAX (NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_SIZE_MAX / NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_SIZE_WORD) #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_IX NET_TCP_HDR_SIZE_MIN /*$PAGE*/ /* ********************************************************************************************************* * TCP OPTION CONFIGURATION TYPE DEFINES * * Note(s) : (1) NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_&&& #define values specifically chosen as ASCII representations of * the TCP option configuration types. Memory displays of TCP option configuration buffers * will display the TCP option configuration TYPEs with their chosen ASCII names. ********************************************************************************************************* */ /* ---------------- TCP OPT CFG TYPES ----------------- */ #if (CPU_CFG_ENDIAN_TYPE == CPU_ENDIAN_TYPE_BIG) #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_NONE 0x4E4F4E45u /* "NONE" in ASCII. */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_MAX_SEG_SIZE 0x4D535320u /* "MSS " in ASCII. */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_WIN_SCALE 0x57494E20u /* "WIN " in ASCII (see 'net_tcp.h Note #1c1'). */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_SACK_PERMIT 0x53434B50u /* "SCKP" in ASCII (see 'net_tcp.h Note #1c2'). */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_SACK 0x5341434Bu /* "SACK" in ASCII (see 'net_tcp.h Note #1c2'). */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_ECHO_REQ 0x45524551u /* "EREQ" in ASCII (see 'net_tcp.h Note #1c3'). */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_ECHO_REPLY 0x4543484Fu /* "ECHO" in ASCII (see 'net_tcp.h Note #1c3'). */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_TS 0x54532020u /* "TS " in ASCII (see 'net_tcp.h Note #1c4'). */ #else #if (CPU_CFG_DATA_SIZE == CPU_WORD_SIZE_32) #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_NONE 0x454E4F4Eu /* "NONE" in ASCII. */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_MAX_SEG_SIZE 0x2053534Du /* "MSS " in ASCII. */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_WIN_SCALE 0x204E4957u /* "WIN " in ASCII (see 'net_tcp.h Note #1c1'). */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_SACK_PERMIT 0x504B4353u /* "SCKP" in ASCII (see 'net_tcp.h Note #1c2'). */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_SACK 0x4B434153u /* "SACK" in ASCII (see 'net_tcp.h Note #1c2'). */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_ECHO_REQ 0x51455245u /* "EREQ" in ASCII (see 'net_tcp.h Note #1c3'). */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_ECHO_REPLY 0x4F484345u /* "ECHO" in ASCII (see 'net_tcp.h Note #1c3'). */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_TS 0x20205354u /* "TS " in ASCII (see 'net_tcp.h Note #1c4'). */ #elif (CPU_CFG_DATA_SIZE == CPU_WORD_SIZE_16) #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_NONE 0x4F4E454Eu /* "NONE" in ASCII. */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_MAX_SEG_SIZE 0x534D2053u /* "MSS " in ASCII. */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_WIN_SCALE 0x4957204Eu /* "WIN " in ASCII (see 'net_tcp.h Note #1c1'). */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_SACK_PERMIT 0x4353504Bu /* "SCKP" in ASCII (see 'net_tcp.h Note #1c2'). */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_SACK 0x41534B43u /* "SACK" in ASCII (see 'net_tcp.h Note #1c2'). */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_ECHO_REQ 0x52455145u /* "EREQ" in ASCII (see 'net_tcp.h Note #1c3'). */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_ECHO_REPLY 0x43454F48u /* "ECHO" in ASCII (see 'net_tcp.h Note #1c3'). */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_TS 0x53542020u /* "TS " in ASCII (see 'net_tcp.h Note #1c4'). */ #else /* Dflt CPU_WORD_SIZE_08. */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_NONE 0x4E4F4E45u /* "NONE" in ASCII. */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_MAX_SEG_SIZE 0x4D535320u /* "MSS " in ASCII. */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_WIN_SCALE 0x57494E20u /* "WIN " in ASCII (see 'net_tcp.h Note #1c1'). */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_SACK_PERMIT 0x53434B50u /* "SCKP" in ASCII (see 'net_tcp.h Note #1c2'). */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_SACK 0x5341434Bu /* "SACK" in ASCII (see 'net_tcp.h Note #1c2'). */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_ECHO_REQ 0x45524551u /* "EREQ" in ASCII (see 'net_tcp.h Note #1c3'). */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_ECHO_REPLY 0x4543484Fu /* "ECHO" in ASCII (see 'net_tcp.h Note #1c3'). */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_TS 0x54532020u /* "TS " in ASCII (see 'net_tcp.h Note #1c4'). */ #endif #endif /*$PAGE*/ /* ********************************************************************************************************* * TCP CONNECTION TIMEOUT DEFINES * * Note(s) : (1) (a) (1) RFC #1122, Section 4.2.2.13 'DISCUSSION' states that "the graceful close algorithm * of TCP requires that the connection state remain defined on (at least) one end of * the connection, for a timeout period of 2xMSL ... During this period, the (remote * socket, local socket) pair that defines the connection is busy and cannot be reused". * * (2) The following sections reiterate that the TIME-WAIT state timeout scalar is two * maximum segment lifetimes (2 MSL) : * * (A) RFC #793, Section 3.9 'Event Processing : SEGMENT ARRIVES : * Check Sequence Number : TIME-WAIT STATE' * (B) RFC #793, Section 3.9 'Event Processing : SEGMENT ARRIVES : * Check FIN Bit : TIME-WAIT STATE' * * (b) (1) RFC #793, Section 3.3 'Sequence Numbers : Knowing When to Keep Quiet' states that * "the Maximum Segment Lifetime (MSL) is ... to be 2 minutes. This is an engineering * choice, and may be changed if experience indicates it is desirable to do so". * * (2) Microsoft Corporation's Windows XP defaults MSL to 15 seconds. ********************************************************************************************************* */ /* Max seg timeout (see Note #1b) : */ #define NET_TCP_CONN_TIMEOUT_MAX_SEG_MIN_SEC ( 0u ) /* ... min = 0 seconds */ #define NET_TCP_CONN_TIMEOUT_MAX_SEG_MAX_SEC ( 2u * DEF_TIME_NBR_SEC_PER_MIN) /* ... max = 2 minutes */ #define NET_TCP_CONN_TIMEOUT_MAX_SEG_DFLT_SEC ( 15u ) /* ... dflt = 15 seconds */ #define NET_TCP_CONN_TIMEOUT_MAX_SEG_SCALAR 2u /* ... scalar (see Note #1a). */ #define NET_TCP_CONN_TIMEOUT_CONN_DFLT_SEC (120u * DEF_TIME_NBR_SEC_PER_MIN) /* Dflt conn timeout = 120 minutes */ #define NET_TCP_CONN_TIMEOUT_USER_DFLT_SEC ( 30u * DEF_TIME_NBR_SEC_PER_MIN) /* Dflt user timeout = 30 minutes */ /*$PAGE*/ /* ********************************************************************************************************* * TCP CONNECTION STATES * * Note(s) : (1) See the following RFC's for TCP state machine summary : * * (a) RFC # 793; Sections 3.2, 3.4, 3.5, 3.9 * (b) RFC #1122; Sections 4.2.2.8, 4.2.2.10, 4.2.2.11, 4.2.2.13, 4.2.2.18, 4.2.2.20 * * (2) (a) #### Additional closing-data-available state used for closing connections to allow the * application layer to receive any remaining data. * * See also 'net_tcp.c NetTCP_RxPktConnHandlerFinWait1() Note #2f5A2', * 'net_tcp.c NetTCP_RxPktConnHandlerFinWait2() Note #2f5B', * 'net_tcp.c NetTCP_RxPktConnHandlerClosing() Note #2d2B2a1B', * & 'net_tcp.c NetTCP_RxPktConnHandlerLastAck() Note #2d2A1b'. ********************************************************************************************************* */ #define NET_TCP_CONN_STATE_NONE 0u #define NET_TCP_CONN_STATE_FREE 1u #define NET_TCP_CONN_STATE_CLOSED 10u #define NET_TCP_CONN_STATE_LISTEN 20u #define NET_TCP_CONN_STATE_SYNC_RXD 30u #define NET_TCP_CONN_STATE_SYNC_RXD_PASSIVE 31u #define NET_TCP_CONN_STATE_SYNC_RXD_ACTIVE 32u #define NET_TCP_CONN_STATE_SYNC_TXD 35u #define NET_TCP_CONN_STATE_CONN 40u #define NET_TCP_CONN_STATE_FIN_WAIT_1 50u #define NET_TCP_CONN_STATE_FIN_WAIT_2 51u #define NET_TCP_CONN_STATE_CLOSING 52u #define NET_TCP_CONN_STATE_TIME_WAIT 53u #define NET_TCP_CONN_STATE_CLOSE_WAIT 55u #define NET_TCP_CONN_STATE_LAST_ACK 56u #define NET_TCP_CONN_STATE_CLOSING_DATA_AVAIL 59u /* See Note #2a. */ /* ********************************************************************************************************* * TCP CONNECTION QUEUE STATES ********************************************************************************************************* */ #define NET_TCP_RX_Q_STATE_NONE 0u #define NET_TCP_RX_Q_STATE_CLOSED 100u #define NET_TCP_RX_Q_STATE_CLOSING 101u #define NET_TCP_RX_Q_STATE_SYNC 110u #define NET_TCP_RX_Q_STATE_CONN 111u #define NET_TCP_TX_Q_STATE_NONE 0u #define NET_TCP_TX_Q_STATE_CLOSED 200u #define NET_TCP_TX_Q_STATE_CLOSING 201u #define NET_TCP_TX_Q_STATE_SYNC 210u #define NET_TCP_TX_Q_STATE_CONN 211u #define NET_TCP_TX_Q_STATE_SUSPEND 215u #define NET_TCP_TX_Q_STATE_CLOSED_SUSPEND 220u #define NET_TCP_TX_Q_STATE_CLOSING_SUSPEND 221u /*$PAGE*/ /* ********************************************************************************************************* * TCP CONNECTION CODE DEFINES **************
上傳時間： 2015-11-22
上傳用戶：the same kong
Electrostatic discharge (ESD) phenomena have been known to mankind since Thales of Miletus in approximately 600 B.C.E. noticed the attraction of strands of hay to amber. Two thousand six hundred years have passed and the quest to obtain a better under- standing of electrostatics and ESD phenomenon continues. Today, the manufacturing of microelectronics has continued the interest in the field of electrostatic phenomenon spanning factory issues, tooling, materials, and the microelectronic industry
上傳時間： 2020-06-05
上傳用戶：shancjb
近年來，隨著多媒體技術、計算機網絡與通信技術的的快速發展，傳統的監控系統也不斷向著新的發展方向進行著不斷的更新與發展。進而隨著嵌入式技術的出現以及人們對降低監控系統成本和提高可靠性的迫切需求，基于嵌入式系統的網絡視頻監控系統將成為新的研發熱點。 本文的目的是把嵌入式技術與計算機網絡技術相結合，構造一個性能穩定且具有較強處理能力的數字化遠程視頻監控系統。該監控系統以嵌入式Linux系統平臺作為服務器端，服務器程序在其上以后臺方式運行，等待監控系統環境中的客戶機使用瀏覽器向其發送訪問請求，實現在局域網乃至Internet網上對攝像頭的遠程控制。 文中把系統設計分為三大部分：系統硬件設計、嵌入式Linux在硬件平臺的實現和系統軟件設計。硬件設計部分首先提出了整個硬件系統的實現方案，接著詳細介紹了S3C2410處理器與存儲器、以太網控制器芯片以及USB和串口的接口電路設計；第二部分詳細敘述了嵌入式Linux在本系統硬件平臺的移植實現及應用程序的開發特點，重點講述了本系統平臺上Linux的引導加載程序Bootloader的設計過程；系統軟件部分首先介紹了USB接口攝像頭驅動在嵌入式Linux下的實現，重點講述了Video4Linux下視頻采集的實現，接著論述了如何實現圖像的JPEG壓縮，最后針對基于B/S模式的網絡通信系統結構，詳細闡述了網絡通信的具體實現過程和方法。 最后在辦公室局域網通過對系統測試，顯示了系統運行結果，實現了利用局域網或Internet網對遠程環境進行監控的功能。
上傳時間： 2013-07-04
上傳用戶：lgnf
永磁同步發電機由于一系列高效節能的優點，在工農業生產、航空航天、國防和日常生活中得到廣泛應用，并且受到許多學者的關注，其研究領域主要涉及永磁同步發電機的設計、精確性能分析、控制等方面。 本課題作為國家自然科學基金項目《無刷無勵磁機諧波勵磁的混合勵磁永磁電機的研究》的課題，主要研究永磁電機的電磁場空載和負載計算，求出永磁電機的電壓波形和電壓調整率，為分段式轉子的混合勵磁永磁電機的研究奠定基礎，主要做了以下工作： 首先介紹了永磁同步發電機的基本原理，包括永磁同步發電機的結構形式和永磁同步發電機的運行性能，采用傳統解析理論給出了電壓調整率的計算方法及外特性的計算模型；然后用有限元ANSYS對永磁同步發電機樣機進行實體建模，經過定義分配材料、劃分網格、加邊界條件和載荷、求解計算等，得到矢量磁位Az、磁場強度H、磁感應強度B等結果，直觀地看出電機內部的磁場分布情況。 其次根據電磁場計算結果，應用齒磁通法對其進行后處理。該方法求解轉子在一個齒距內不同位置處的磁場，以定子齒的磁通為計算單位，根據繞組與齒的匝鏈關系，計算出磁鏈隨時間的變化，進而得到永磁同步發電機空、負載時電壓大小及波形。通過計算結果寫實驗結果對比，驗證了齒磁通法的正確性，為計算永磁同步發電機各種性能特性提供有力工具。 最后，基于齒磁通法對永磁同步發電機的外特性進行了深入研究，定量分析了結構參數對外特性的影響規律，提出了有效降低電壓調整率的方法的是：增加氣隙長度g的同時，適當增加永磁體的磁化方向的長度hm；此外，要盡量的減少每相串聯匝數N和增大導線面積以減小阻抗參數。通過改變電機的結構參數，對其電磁場進行計算，找到永磁電機電壓調整率的變化規律，為加電勵磁的混合勵磁永磁電機做準備，達到穩定輸出電壓的目的。
上傳時間： 2013-04-24
上傳用戶：15853744528
心音信號是人體最重要的生理信號之一，包含心臟各個部分如心房、心室、大血管、心血管及各個瓣膜功能狀態的大量生理病理信息。心音信號分析與識別是了解心臟和血管狀態的一種不可缺少的手段。本文針對目前該研究領域中存在的分析方法問題和分類識別技術難點展開了深入的研究，內容涉及心音構成的分析、心音信號特征向量的提取、正常心音信號（NM）和房顫（AF）、主動脈回流（AR）、主動脈狹窄（AS）、二尖瓣回流（MR）4種心臟雜音信號的分類識別。本文的工作內容包括以下5個方面： a）心音信號采集與預處理。本文采用自行研制的帶有錄音機功能的聽診器實現對心音信號的采集。通過對心音信號噪聲分析，選用小波降噪作為心音信號的濾波方法。根據實驗分析，選擇Donoho閾值函數結合多級閾值的方法作為心音信號預處理方案。 b）心音信號時頻分析方法。文中采用5種時頻分析方法分別對心音信號進行了時頻譜特性分析，結果表明：不同的時頻分析方法與待分析心音信號的特性有密切關系，即需要在小的交叉項干擾與高的時頻分辨率之間作綜合的考慮。鑒于此，本文提出了一種自適應錐形核時頻（ATF）分析方法，通過實驗驗證該分布能較好地反映心音信號的時頻結構，其性能優于一般錐形核分布（CKD）以及Choi-Williams分布（CWD）、譜圖（SPEC）等固定核時頻分析方法，從而選擇自應錐形核時頻分析方法進行心音信號分析。 c）心音信號特征向量提取。根據對3M Littmann（） Stethoscopes[31]數據庫中標準心音信號的時頻分析結果，提取8組特征數據，通過Fihser降維處理方法提取出了實現分類可視化，且最易于分類的心音信號的2維特征向量，作為心音信號分類的特征向量。 d）心音信號分類方法。根據心音信號特征向量組成的散點圖，研究了支持向量機核函數、多分類支持向量機的選取方法，同時，基于分類的目的 性和可信性，本文提出以分類精度最大為判斷準則的核函數參數與松弛變量的優化方法，建立了心音信號分類的支持向量機模型，選取標準數據庫中NM、AF、AR、AS、MR每類心音信號的80組2維特征向量中每類60組數據作為支持向量機的學習樣本，對余下的每類20組數據進行測試，得到每類的分類精度（Ar）均為100％，同時對臨床上采集的與上述4種同類心臟雜音信號和正常心音信號中每類24個心動周期進行分類實測，分類精度分別為：NM、AF、MR的分類精度均為100％，而AR、AS均為95．83％，驗證了該方法的分類有效性。 e）心音信號分析與識別的軟件系統。本文以MATLAB語言的可視化功能實現了心音信號分析與識別的軟件運行平臺構建，可完成對心音信號的讀取、預處理，繪制時-頻、能量特性的三維圖及兩維等高線圖；同時，利用MATLAB與EXCEL的動態鏈接，實現對心音信號分析數據的存儲以及統計功能；最后，通過對心音信號2維特征向量的分析，實現心音信號的自動識別功能。 本文的研究特色主要體現在心音信號特征向量提取的方法以及多分類支持向量機模型的建立兩方面。 綜上所述，本文從理論與實踐兩方面對心音信號進行了深入的研究，主要是采用自適應錐形核時頻分析方法提取心音信號特征向量，根據心音信號特征向量組成的散點圖，建立心音信號分類的支持向量機模型，并對正常心音信號和4種心臟雜音信號進行了分類研究，取得了較為滿意的分類結果，但由于用于分類的心臟雜音信號種類及數據量尚不足，因此，今后的工作重點是采集更多種類的心臟雜音信號，進一步提高心音信號分類精度，使本文研究成果能最終應用于臨床心臟量化聽診。 關鍵詞：心音信號，小波降噪，非平穩信號，心臟雜音，信號處理，時頻分析，自適應，支持向量機
上傳時間： 2013-04-24
上傳用戶：weixiao99
