Power conversion by virtue of its basic role produces harmonics due to theslicing of either voltages or currents. To a large extent the pollution in theutility supply and the deterioration of the power quality has been generatedor created by non-linear converters. It is therefore ironic that power convertersshould now be used to clean up the pollution that they helped to create inthe first place.In a utility system, it is desirable to prevent harmonic currents (which resultin EMI and resonance problems) and limit reactive power flows (whichresult in transmission losses).Traditionally, shunt passive filters, comprised of tuned LC elements andcapacitor banks, were used to filter the harmonics and to compensate forreactive current due to non-linear loads. However, in practical applicationsthese methods have many disadvantages.
交流瓦特/瓦特小時，乏爾/乏爾小時轉換器 特點： 精確度0.25%滿刻度 多種輸入,輸出選擇 輸入與輸出絕緣耐壓2仟伏特/1分鐘 沖擊電壓測試5仟伏特(1.2x50us) 突波電壓測試2.5仟伏特(0.25ms/1MHz) (IEC255-4) 尺寸小，穩定性高 主要規格： 精確度: 0.25% F.S. (23 ±5℃) 輸入負載: <0.2VA (Voltage) <0.2VA (Current) 最大過載能力: Current related input:3 x rated continuous 10 x rated 30 sec. ,25 x rated 3sec. 50 x rated 1sec. Voltage related input:maximum 2 x rated continuous 輸出反應速度: < 250ms(0~90%) 輸出負載能力: < 10mA for voltage mode < 10V for current mode 輸出之漣波 : < 0.1% F.S. 脈波輸出型態: Photocouple of open collector (max.30V/40mA) 歸零調整范圍: 0~±5% F.S. 最大值調整范圍: 0~±10% F.S. 溫度系數: 100ppm/℃ (0~50℃) 隔離特性: Input/Output/Power/Case 絕緣阻抗: >100Mohm with 500V DC 絕緣耐壓能力: 2KVac/1 min. (input/output/power/case) 突波測試: ANSI C37.90a/1974,DIN-IEC 255-4 impulse voltage 5KV(1.2x50us) 使用環境條件: -20~60℃(20 to 90% RH non-condensed) 存放環境條件: -30~70℃(20 to 90% RH non-condensed) CE認證: EN 55022:1998/A1:2000 Class A EN 61000-3-2:2000 EN 61000-3-3:1995/A1:2001 EN 55024:1998/A1:2001
Power over Ethernet (PoE) is a new development thatallows for the delivery of power to Ethernet-based devicesvia standard Ethernet CAT5 cable, precluding the need forwall adapters or other external power sources. The PoEspecification defines a hardware detection protocol wherePower Sourcing Equipment (PSE) is able to identify PoEPowered Devices (PDs), thus allowing full backwardscompatibility with non-PoE-aware (legacy) Ethernetdevices.
DC/DC 升壓IC：The FP6291 is a current mode boost DC-DC converter. Its PWM circuitry with built-in 0.25 Ω
power MOSFET make this regulator highly power efficient. The internal compensation network also
minimizes as much as 6 external component counts. The non-inverting input of error amplifier connects
to a 0.6V precision reference voltage and internal soft-start function can reduce the inrush current.
The FP6291 is available in the SOT23-6L package and provides space-saving PCB for the application fields.
A frequent requirement in systems involves drivinganalog signals into non-linear or reactive loads. Cables,transformers, actuators, motors and sample-hold circuitsare examples where the ability to drive diffi cult loads isrequired. Although several power buffer amplifi ers areavailable, none have been optimized for driving diffi cultloads.
This application report discusses the design of non-invasive optical plethysmographyalso called as pulsoximeter using the MSP430FG437 Microcontroller (MCU). Thepulsoximeter consists of a peripheral probe combined with the MCU displaying theoxygen saturation and pulse rate on a LCD glass. The same sensor is used for bothheart-rate detection and pulsoximetering in this application. The probe is placed on aperipheral point of the body such as a finger tip, ear lobe or the nose. The probeincludes two light emitting diodes (LEDs), one in the visible red spectrum (660nm) andthe other in the infrared spectrum (940nm). The percentage of oxygen in the body isworked by measuring the intensity from each frequency of light after it transmitsthrough the body and then calculating the ratio between these two intensities.
The STWD100 watchdog timer circuits are self-contained devices which prevent systemfailures that are caused by certain types of hardware errors (non-responding peripherals,bus contention, etc.) or software errors (bad code jump, code stuck in loop, etc.).The STWD100 watchdog timer has an input, WDI, and an output, WDO (see Figure 2). Theinput is used to clear the internal watchdog timer periodically within the specified timeoutperiod, twd (see Section 3: Watchdog timing). While the system is operating correctly, itperiodically toggles the watchdog input, WDI. If the system fails, the watchdog timer is notreset, a system alert is generated and the watchdog output, WDO, is asserted (seeSection 3: Watchdog timing).The STWD100 circuit also has an enable pin, EN (see Figure 2), which can enable ordisable the watchdog functionality. The EN pin is connected to the internal pull-downresistor. The device is enabled if the EN pin is left floating.
SRAM-based FPGAs are non-volatile devices. Upon powerup, They are required to be programmed from an external source. This procedure allows anyone to easily monitor the bit-stream, and clone the device. The problem then becomes how can you effectively protect your intellectual property from others in an architecture where the part is externally programmed?
在現代通信系統中，電話語音的頻帶被限制在300 Hz～4 kHz的范圍內，帶來了語音可懂度和自然度的降低。為了在不增加額外成本的前提下提高語音的可懂度和自然度，進行了電話語音頻帶擴展的研究。提出了一種改進的基于碼本映射的語音帶寬擴展算法：在碼本映射的過程中，使用加權系數來得到映射碼本。客觀測試結果表明，用此算法得到的寬帶語音的譜失真度比用一般的碼本映射降低至少2%。主觀測試結果表明，用此算法得到的寬帶語音具有更好的可懂度和自然度。
Abstract:
In modern communication systems， the bandwidth of telephone speech is limited from 300Hz to 4 kHz， which reduces the intelligibility and naturalness of speech. Telephone speech bandwidth extension is researched to get wideband speech and to improve its intelligibility and naturalness， without increasing extra costs. This paper put forward an improved algorithm of speech bandwidth extension based on codebook mapping. In the process of codebook mapping， weighted coefficients were used to get mapping codebook. Objective tests show that spectral distortion of wideband speech obtained by this algorithm reduces at least 2%， comparing to conditional codebook mapping. Subjective tests show that the wideband speech obtained by this algorithm has better intelligibility and naturalness.
特點 最高輸入頻率 10KHz 顯示范圍0-9999（一段設定）0至999999累積量 計數速度 50/10000脈波/秒可選擇 輸入脈波具有預設刻度功能 累積量同步（批量）或非同步（批次）計數可選擇 數位化指撥設定操作簡易 計數暫時停止功能 1組報警功能 2:主要規格 脈波輸入型式: Jump-pin selectable current sourcing(NPN) or current sinking (PNP) 脈波觸發電位: HI bias (CMOS) (VIH=7.5V, VIL=5.5V) LO bias (TTL) (VIH=3.7V, VIL=2.0V) 最高輸入頻率: <10KHz (up,down,up/down mode) 輸出動作時間 : 0.1 to 99.9 second adjustable 輸出復歸方式: Manual(N) or automatic (R or C) can be modif 繼電器容量: AC 250V-5A, DC 30V-7A 顯示值范圍: 0-9999（PV,SV） 0-999999(TV) 顯示幕: Red high efficiency LEDs high 7.0mm (.276")(PV,SV) Red high efficiency LEDs high 9.2mm (.36")(TV) 參數設定方式: Touch switches 感應器電源: 12VDC +/-3%(<60mA) 記憶方式: Non-volatile E2PROM memory 絕緣耐壓能力: 2KVac/1 min. (input/output/power) 1600Vdc (input/output) 使用環境條件: 0-50℃(20 to 90% RH non-condensed) 存放環境條件: 0-70℃(20 to 90% RH non-condensed) CE認證: EN 55022:1998/A1:2000 Class A EN 61000-3-2:2000 EN 61000-3-3:1995/A1:2001 EN 55024:1998/A1:2001
