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With more and more multi-frequency clocks being used in today's chips, especially in the communications field, it is often necessary to switch the source of a clock line while the chip is running.
上傳時間： 2013-10-10
上傳用戶：1214209695
X電容是指跨于L-N之間的電容器， Y電容是指跨于L-G/N-G之間的電容器。(L=Line, N=Neutral, G=Ground).
標簽： 電容
上傳時間： 2014-12-23
上傳用戶：haohao
The LT®6552 is a specialized dual-differencing 75MHzoperational amplifier ideal for rejecting common modenoise as a video line receiver. The input pairs are designedto operate with equal but opposite large-signal differencesand provide exceptional high frequency commonmode rejection (CMRR of 65dB at 10MHz), therebyforming an extremely versatile gain block structure thatminimizes component count in most situations. The dualinput pairs are free to take on independent common modelevels, while the two voltage differentials are summedinternally to form a net input signal.
上傳時間： 2014-12-23
上傳用戶：13691535575
This application note describes a Linear Technology "Half-Flash" A/D converter, the LTC1099, being connected to a 256 element line scan photodiode array. This technology adapts itself to handheld (i.e., low power) bar code readers, as well as high resolution automated machine inspection applications..
上傳時間： 2013-11-21
上傳用戶：lchjng
Differential Nonlinearity: Ideally, any two adjacent digitalcodes correspond to output analog voltages that are exactlyone LSB apart. Differential non-linearity is a measure of theworst case deviation from the ideal 1 LSB step. For example,a DAC with a 1.5 LSB output change for a 1 LSB digital codechange exhibits 1⁄2 LSB differential non-linearity. Differentialnon-linearity may be expressed in fractional bits or as a percentageof full scale. A differential non-linearity greater than1 LSB will lead to a non-monotonic transfer function in aDAC.Gain Error (Full Scale Error): The difference between theoutput voltage (or current) with full scale input code and theideal voltage (or current) that should exist with a full scale inputcode.Gain Temperature Coefficient (Full Scale TemperatureCoefficient): Change in gain error divided by change in temperature.Usually expressed in parts per million per degreeCelsius (ppm/°C).Integral Nonlinearity (Linearity Error): Worst case deviationfrom the line between the endpoints (zero and full scale).Can be expressed as a percentage of full scale or in fractionof an LSB.LSB (Lease-Significant Bit): In a binary coded system thisis the bit that carries the smallest value or weight. Its value isthe full scale voltage (or current) divided by 2n, where n is theresolution of the converter.Monotonicity: A monotonic function has a slope whose signdoes not change. A monotonic DAC has an output thatchanges in the same direction (or remains constant) for eachincrease in the input code. the converse is true for decreasing codes.
標簽： Converters Defini DAC
上傳時間： 2013-10-30
上傳用戶：stvnash
高速數字系統設計下載pdf:High-Speed Digital SystemDesign—A Handbook ofInterconnect Theory and DesignPracticesStephen H. HallGarrett W. HallJames A. McCallA Wiley-Interscience Publication JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC.New York • Chichester • Weinheim • Brisbane • Singapore • TorontoCopyright © 2000 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.speeddigital systems at the platform level. The book walks the reader through everyrequired concept, from basic transmission line theory to digital timing analysis, high-speedmeasurement techniques, as well as many other topics. In doing so, a unique balancebetween theory and practical applications is achieved that will allow the reader not only tounderstand the nature of the problem, but also provide practical guidance to the solution.The level of theoretical understanding is such that the reader will be equipped to see beyondthe immediate practical application and solve problems not contained within these pages.Much of the information in this book has not been needed in past digital designs but isabsolutely necessary today. Most of the information covered here is not covered in standardcollege curricula, at least not in its focus on digital design, which is arguably one of the mostsignificant industries in electrical engineering.The focus of this book is on the design of robust high-volume, high-speed digital productssuch as computer systems, with particular attention paid to computer busses. However, thetheory presented is applicable to any high-speed digital system. All of the techniquescovered in this book have been applied in industry to actual digital products that have beensuccessfully produced and sold in high volume.Practicing engineers and graduate and undergraduate students who have completed basicelectromagnetic or microwave design classes are equipped to fully comprehend the theorypresented in this book. At a practical level, however, basic circuit theory is all thebackground required to apply the formulas in this book.
上傳時間： 2013-10-26
上傳用戶：縹緲
LAYOUT REPORT .............. 1 目錄.................. 1 1. PCB LAYOUT 術語解釋(TERMS)......... 2 2. Test Point : ATE 測試點供工廠ICT 測試治具使用............ 2 3. 基準點 (光學點) -for SMD:........... 4 4. 標記 (LABEL ING)......... 5 5. VIA HOLE PAD................. 5 6. PCB Layer 排列方式...... 5 7.零件佈置注意事項 (PLACEMENT NOTES)............... 5 8. PCB LAYOUT 設計............ 6 9. Transmission Line ( 傳輸線 )..... 8 10.General Guidelines – 跨Plane.. 8 11. General Guidelines – 繞線....... 9 12. General Guidelines – Damping Resistor. 10 13. General Guidelines - RJ45 to Transformer................. 10 14. Clock Routing Guideline........... 12 15. OSC & CRYSTAL Guideline........... 12 16. CPU
上傳時間： 2013-12-20
上傳用戶：康郎
PCB設計問題集錦 問：PCB圖中各種字符往往容易疊加在一起，或者相距很近，當板子布得很密時，情況更加嚴重。當我用Verify Design進行檢查時，會產生錯誤，但這種錯誤可以忽略。往往這種錯誤很多，有幾百個，將其他更重要的錯誤淹沒了，如何使Verify Design會略掉這種錯誤，或者在眾多的錯誤中快速找到重要的錯誤。 答：可以在顏色顯示中將文字去掉,不顯示后再檢查;并記錄錯誤數目。但一定要檢查是否真正屬于不需要的文字。 問： What’s mean of below warning:(6230,8330 L1) Latium Rule not checked: COMPONENT U26 component rule.答：這是有關制造方面的一個檢查，您沒有相關設定，所以可以不檢查。 問： 怎樣導出jop文件？答：應該是JOB文件吧？低版本的powerPCB與PADS使用JOB文件?，F在只能輸出ASC文件，方法如下STEP：FILE/EXPORT/選擇一個asc名稱/選擇Select ALL/在Format下選擇合適的版本/在Unit下選Current比較好/點擊OK/完成然后在低版本的powerPCB與PADS產品中Import保存的ASC文件，再保存為JOB文件。 問： 怎樣導入reu文件？答：在ECO與Design 工具盒中都可以進行，分別打開ECO與Design 工具盒，點擊右邊第2個圖標就可以。 問： 為什么我在pad stacks中再設一個via:1(如附件）和默認的standardvi(如附件）在布線時V選擇1，怎么布線時按add via不能添加進去這是怎么回事，因為有時要使用兩種不同的過孔。答：PowerPCB中有多個VIA時需要在Design Rule下根據信號分別設置VIA的使用條件，如電源類只能用Standard VIA等等，這樣操作時就比較方便。詳細設置方法在PowerPCB軟件通中有介紹。 問：為什么我把On-line DRC設置為prevent..移動元時就會彈出(圖2),而你們教程中也是這樣設置怎么不會呢?答：首先這不是錯誤,出現的原因是在數據中沒有BOARD OUTLINE.您可以設置一個,但是不使用它作為CAM輸出數據. 問：我用ctrl+c復制線時怎設置原點進行復制，ctrl+v粘帖時總是以最下面一點和最左邊那一點為原點 答： 復制布線時與上面的MOVE MODE設置沒有任何關系,需要在右鍵菜單中選擇,這在PowerPCB軟件通教程中有專門介紹. 問：用(圖4)進行修改線時拉起時怎總是往左邊拉起(圖5)，不知有什么辦法可以輕易想拉起左就左，右就右。答： 具體條件不明,請檢查一下您的DESIGN GRID,是否太大了. 問： 好不容易拉起右邊但是用(圖6)修改線怎么改怎么下面都會有一條不能和在一起，而你教程里都會好好的(圖8)答：這可能還是與您的GRID 設置有關,不過沒有問題,您可以將不需要的那段線刪除.最重要的是需要找到布線的感覺,每個軟件都不相同,所以需要多練習。 問： 尊敬的老師:您好！這個圖已經畫好了，但我只對（如圖1）一種的完全間距進行檢查，怎么錯誤就那么多，不知怎么改進。請老師指點。這個圖在附件中請老師幫看一下，如果還有什么問題請指出來，本人在改進。謝?。。。?！答：請注意您的DRC SETUP窗口下的設置是錯誤的,現在選中的SAME NET是對相同NET進行檢查,應該選擇NET TO ALL.而不是SAME NET有關各項參數的含義請仔細閱讀第5部教程. 問： U101元件已建好，但元件框的拐角處不知是否正確，請幫忙CHECK 答：元件框等可以通過修改編輯來完成。問： U102和U103元件沒建完全，在自動建元件參數中有幾個不明白：如：SOIC--》silk screen欄下spacing from pin與outdent from first pin對應U102和U103元件應寫什么數值，還有這兩個元件SILK怎么自動設置，以及SILK內有個圓圈怎么才能畫得與該元件參數一致。 答：Spacing from pin指從PIN到SILK的Y方向的距離,outdent from first pin是第一PIN與SILK端點間的距離.請根據元件資料自己計算。
上傳時間： 2013-10-07
上傳用戶：comer1123
阻抗匹配 阻抗匹配（Impedance matching）是微波電子學里的一部分，主要用于傳輸線上，來達至所有高頻的微波信號皆能傳至負載點的目的，不會有信號反射回來源點，從而提升能源效益。 大體上，阻抗匹配有兩種，一種是透過改變阻抗力（lumped-circuit matching），另一種則是調整傳輸線的波長（transmission line matching）。 要匹配一組線路，首先把負載點的阻抗值，除以傳輸線的特性阻抗值來歸一化，然后把數值劃在史密夫圖表上?！ “央娙莼螂姼信c負載串聯起來，即可增加或減少負載的阻抗值，在圖表上的點會沿著代表實數電阻的圓圈走動。如果把電容或電感接地，首先圖表上的點會以圖中心旋轉180度，然后才沿電阻圈走動，再沿中心旋轉180度。重覆以上方法直至電阻值變成1，即可直接把阻抗力變為零完成匹配?！ ∮韶撦d點至來源點加長傳輸線，在圖表上的圓點會沿著圖中心以逆時針方向走動，直至走到電阻值為1的圓圈上，即可加電容或電感把阻抗力調整為零，完成匹配.........
標簽： 阻抗匹配
上傳時間： 2013-11-13
上傳用戶：ddddddos
[電源設計實例
上傳時間： 2014-12-24
上傳用戶：huyiming139
