在研究傳統(tǒng)家用燃氣報警器的基礎(chǔ)上，以ZigBee協(xié)議為平臺，構(gòu)建mesh網(wǎng)狀網(wǎng)絡(luò)實現(xiàn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)化的智能語音報警系統(tǒng)。由于傳感器本身的溫度和實際環(huán)境溫度的影響，傳感器標定后采用軟件補償方法。為了減少系統(tǒng)費用，前端節(jié)點采用半功能節(jié)點設(shè)備，路由器和協(xié)調(diào)器采用全功能節(jié)點設(shè)備，構(gòu)建mesh網(wǎng)絡(luò)所形成的家庭內(nèi)部報警系統(tǒng)，通過通用的電話接口連接到外部的公用電話網(wǎng)絡(luò)，啟動語音模塊進行報警。實驗結(jié)果表明，在2.4 GHz頻率下傳輸，有墻等障礙物的情況下，節(jié)點的傳輸距離大約為35 m，能夠滿足家庭需要，且系統(tǒng)工作穩(wěn)定，但在功耗方面仍需進一步改善。 Abstract: On the basis of studying traditional household gas alarm system, this paper proposed the platform for the ZigBee protocol，and constructed mesh network to achieve network-based intelligent voice alarm system. Because of the sensor temperature and the actual environment temperature, this system design used software compensation after calibrating sensor. In order to reduce system cost, semi-functional node devices were used as front-end node, however, full-function devices were used as routers and coordinator，constructed alarm system within the family by building mesh network，connected to the external public telephone network through the common telephone interface, started the voice alarm module. The results indicate that nodes transmit about 35m in the distance in case of walls and other obstacles by 2.4GHz frequency transmission, this is able to meet family needs and work steadily, but still needs further improvement in power consumption.
標簽： ZigBee 無線智能 家 報警系統(tǒng)
上傳時間： 2013-10-30
上傳用戶：swaylong
通過比較各種隔離數(shù)字通信的特點和應(yīng)用范圍，指出塑料光纖在隔離數(shù)字通信中的優(yōu)勢。使用已經(jīng)標準化的TOSLINK接口，有利于節(jié)省硬件開發(fā)成本和簡化設(shè)計難度。給出了塑料光纖的硬件驅(qū)動電路，說明設(shè)計過程中的注意事項，對光收發(fā)模塊的電壓特性和頻率特性進行全面試驗，并給出SPI口使用塑料光纖隔離通信的典型應(yīng)用電路圖。試驗結(jié)果表明，該設(shè)計可為電力現(xiàn)場、電力電子及儀器儀表的設(shè)計提供參考。 Abstract: y comparing characteristics and applications area of various isolated digital communications， this article indicates advantages of plastic optical fiber in isolated digital communications. Using the standardized TOSLINK interface， it helps to control costs and difficulty in hardware development and design. Then it gives the hardware driver circuit of plastic optical fiber module， explains the noticed details in design process， gives results on the basis of the optical transceiver module voltage characteristics and frequency characteristics tests. Finally，it gives typical application circuit of the SPI communication port by using plastic optical fiber isolation .The results show that this design can be referenced for the power field， power electronics and instrumentation design.
上傳時間： 2014-01-10
上傳用戶：gundan
同步技術(shù)是跳頻通信系統(tǒng)的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)之一，尤其是在快速跳頻通信系統(tǒng)中，常規(guī)跳頻通信通過同步字頭攜帶相關(guān)碼的方法來實現(xiàn)同步，但對于快跳頻來說，由于是一跳或者多跳傳輸一個調(diào)制符號，難以攜帶相關(guān)碼。對此引入雙跳頻圖案方法，提出了一種適用于快速跳頻通信系統(tǒng)的同步方案。采用短碼攜帶同步信息，克服了快速跳頻難以攜帶相關(guān)碼的困難。分析了同步性能，仿真結(jié)果表明該方案同步時間短、虛警概率低、捕獲概率高，同步性能可靠。 Abstract: Synchronization is one of the key techniques to frequency-hopping communication system， especially in the fast frequency hopping communication system. In conventional frequency hopping communication systems， synchronization can be achieved by synchronization-head which can be used to carry the synchronization information， but for the fast frequency hopping， Because modulation symbol is transmitted by per hop or multi-hop， it is difficult to carry the correlation code. For the limitation of fast frequency hopping in carrying correlation code， a fast frequency-hopping synchronization scheme with two hopping patterns is proposed. The synchronization information is carried by short code， which overcomes the difficulty of correlation code transmission in fast frequency-hopping. The performance of the scheme is analyzed， and simulation results show that the scheme has the advantages of shorter synchronization time， lower probability of false alarm， higher probability of capture and more reliable of synchronization.
標簽： 快速跳頻 同步技術(shù) 通信系統(tǒng)
上傳時間： 2013-11-23
上傳用戶：mpquest
Single-Ended and Differential S-Parameters Differential circuits have been important incommunication systems for many years. In the past,differential communication circuits operated at lowfrequencies, where they could be designed andanalyzed using lumped-element models andtechniques. With the frequency of operationincreasing beyond 1GHz, and above 1Gbps fordigital communications, this lumped-elementapproach is no longer valid, because the physicalsize of the circuit approaches the size of awavelength.Distributed models and analysis techniques are nowused instead of lumped-element techniques.Scattering parameters, or S-parameters, have beendeveloped for this purpose [1]. These S-parametersare defined for single-ended networks. S-parameterscan be used to describe differential networks, but astrict definition was not developed until Bockelmanand others addressed this issue [2]. Bockelman’swork also included a study on how to adapt single-ended S-parameters for use with differential circuits[2]. This adaptation, called “mixed-mode S-parameters,” addresses differential and common-mode operation, as well as the conversion betweenthe two modes of operation.This application note will explain the use of single-ended and mixed-mode S-parameters, and the basicconcepts of microwave measurement calibration.
上傳時間： 2014-03-25
上傳用戶：yyyyyyyyyy
Agilent AN 154 S-Parameter Design Application Note S參數(shù)的設(shè)計與應(yīng)用 The need for new high-frequency, solid-state circuitdesign techniques has been recognized both by microwaveengineers and circuit designers. These engineersare being asked to design solid state circuitsthat will operate at higher and higher frequencies.The development of microwave transistors andAgilent Technologies’ network analysis instrumentationsystems that permit complete network characterizationin the microwave frequency rangehave greatly assisted these engineers in their work.The Agilent Microwave Division’s lab staff hasdeveloped a high frequency circuit design seminarto assist their counterparts in R&D labs throughoutthe world. This seminar has been presentedin a number of locations in the United States andEurope.From the experience gained in presenting this originalseminar, we have developed a four-part videotape, S-Parameter Design Seminar. While the technologyof high frequency circuit design is everchanging, the concepts upon which this technologyhas been built are relatively invariant.The content of the S-Parameter Design Seminar isas follows:
標簽： S參數(shù)
上傳時間： 2013-12-19
上傳用戶：aa54
It would not be an exaggeration to say that semiconductor devices have transformed humanlife. From computers to communications to internet and video games these devices and the technologies they have enabled have expanded human experience in a way that is unique in history. Semiconductor devices have exploited materials, physics and imaginative applications to spawn new lifestyles. Of course for the device engineer, in spite of the advances, the challenges of reaching higher frequency, lower power consumption, higher power generation etc.
標簽： 半導(dǎo)體器件 物理
上傳時間： 2013-10-28
上傳用戶：songnanhua
The Virtex-4 features, such as the programmable IDELAY and built-in FIFO support, simplifythe bridging of a high-speed, PCI-X core to large amounts of DDR-SDRAM memory. Onechallenge is meeting the PCI-X target initial latency specification. PCI-X Protocol Addendum tothe PCI Local Bus Specification Revision 2.0a ([Ref 6]) dictates that when a target signals adata transfer, "the target must do so within 16 clocks of the assertion of FRAME#." PCItermination transactions, such as Split Response/Complete, are commonly used to meet thelatency specifications. This method adds complexity to the design, as well as additional systemlatency. Another solution is to increase the ratio of the memory frequency to the PCI-X busfrequency. However, this solution increases the required power and clock resource usage.
上傳時間： 2013-11-24
上傳用戶：18707733937
微電腦型單相交流集合式電表（單相二線系統(tǒng)） 特點： 精確度0.25%滿刻度±1位數(shù) 可同時量測與顯示交流電壓,電流,頻率,瓦特,(功率因數(shù)/視在功率) 交流電壓,電流,瓦特皆為真正有效值(TRMS) 交流電流,瓦特之小數(shù)點可任意設(shè)定 瓦特單位W或KW可任意設(shè)定 CT比可任意設(shè)定(1至999) 輸入與輸出絕緣耐壓 2仟伏特/1分鐘( 突波測試強度4仟伏特(1.2x50us) 數(shù)位RS-485界面 (Optional) 主要規(guī)格： 精確度: 0.1% F.S.±1 digit (Frequency) 0.25% F.S.±1 digit(ACA,ACV,Watt,VA) 0.25% F.S. ±0.25o(Power Factor) (-.300~+.300) 輸入負載: <0.2VA (Voltage) <0.2VA (Current) 最大過載能力: Current related input: 3 x rated continuous 10 x rated 30 sec. 25 x rated 3sec. 50 x rated 1sec. Voltage related input: maximum 2 x rated continuous 過載顯示: "doFL" 顯示值范圍: 0~600.0V(Voltage) 0~999.9Hz(Frequency)(<20% for voltage input) 0~19999 digit adjustable(Current,Watt,VA) 取樣時間: 2 cycles/sec. RS-485通訊位址: "01"-"FF" RS-485傳輸速度: 19200/9600/4800/2400 selective RS-485通信協(xié)議: Modbus RTU mode 溫度系數(shù): 100ppm/℃ (0-50℃) 顯示幕: Red high efficiency LEDs high 10.16 mm(0.4") 參數(shù)設(shè)定方式: Touch switches 記憶型式: Non-volatile E²PROM memory 絕緣抗阻: >100Mohm with 500V DC 絕緣耐壓能力: 2KVac/1 min. (input/output/power) 1600 Vdc (input/output) 突波測試: ANSI c37.90a/1974,DIN-IEC 255-4 impulse voltage 4KV(1.2x50us) 使用環(huán)境條件: 0-50℃(20 to 90% RH non-condensed) 存放環(huán)境條件: 0-70℃(20 to 90% RH non-condensed) CE認證: EN 55022:1998/A1:2000 Class A EN 61000-3-2:2000 EN 61000-3-3:1995/A1:2001 EN 55024:1998/A1:2001
上傳時間： 2015-01-03
上傳用戶：幾何公差
The data plane of the reference design consists of a configurable multi-channel XBERT modulethat generates and checks high-speed serial data transmitted and received by the MGTs. Eachchannel in the XBERT module consists of two MGTs (MGTA and MGTB), which physicallyoccupy one MGT tile in the Virtex-4 FPGA. Each MGT has its own pattern checker, but bothMGTs in a channel share the same pattern generator. Each channel can load a differentpattern. The MGT serial rate depends on the reference clock frequency and the internal PMAdivider settings. The reference design can be scaled anywhere from one channel (two MGTs)to twelve channels (twenty-four MGTs).
上傳時間： 2013-12-25
上傳用戶：jkhjkh1982
The AN10 begins with a survey of methods for measuring op amp settling time. This commentary develops into circuits for measuring settling time to 0.0005%. Construction details and results are presented. Appended sections cover oscilloscope overload limitations and amplifier frequency compensation.
上傳時間： 2013-11-14
上傳用戶：JIMMYCB001
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