We address the problem of blind carrier frequency-offset (CFO) estimation in quadrature amplitude modulation, phase-shift keying, and pulse amplitude modulation communications systems.We study the performance of a standard CFO estimate, which consists of first raising the received signal to the Mth power, where M is an integer depending on the type and size of the symbol constellation, and then applying the nonlinear least squares (NLLS) estimation approach. At low signal-to noise ratio (SNR), the NLLS method fails to provide an accurate CFO estimate because of the presence of outliers. In this letter, we derive an approximate closed-form expression for the outlier probability. This enables us to predict the mean-square error (MSE) on CFO estimation for all SNR values. For a given SNR, the new results also give insight into the minimum number of samples required in the CFO estimation procedure, in order to ensure that the MSE on estimation is not significantly affected by the outliers.
標(biāo)簽： frequency-offset estimation quadrature amplitude
上傳時(shí)間： 2014-01-22
上傳用戶：牛布牛
Flash Low Level Driver Code，can read/write all flash memory
標(biāo)簽： Driver Flash Level Code
上傳時(shí)間： 2014-01-24
上傳用戶：libenshu01
Flash MLC Low Level Driver Source Code
標(biāo)簽： Driver Source Flash Level
上傳時(shí)間： 2013-12-03
上傳用戶：曹云鵬
Flash 8-bit width memory Low Level Driver Code
標(biāo)簽： Driver memory Flash Level
上傳時(shí)間： 2016-01-01
上傳用戶：lunshaomo
flash 16-bit width memory low level driver source code
標(biāo)簽： driver memory source flash
上傳時(shí)間： 2014-01-03
上傳用戶：gyq
運(yùn)行本例需要確保您的機(jī)器上安裝了Power Point 2000以上的版本
標(biāo)簽： Power Point 2000 運(yùn)行
上傳時(shí)間： 2014-01-25
上傳用戶：ruixue198909
This document contains a specification for a new low pin count bus interface, dubbed LPC, that will be added to future Intel chip-sets. The target audience for this document are system and component designers.
標(biāo)簽： specification interface document contains
上傳時(shí)間： 2013-12-22
上傳用戶：waizhang
IEEE standard Common Format for Transient Data Exchange (COMTRADE) for power systems.pdf電力系統(tǒng)故障錄波的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)數(shù)據(jù)格式
標(biāo)簽： for Transient COMTRADE Exchange
上傳時(shí)間： 2016-01-11
上傳用戶：shanml
this comtrade of power system.
標(biāo)簽： comtrade system power this
上傳時(shí)間： 2013-12-22
上傳用戶：hullow
IT is the file used to performing the execution of Power Dvd! pls enjoy~
標(biāo)簽： performing execution the Power
上傳時(shí)間： 2016-01-21
上傳用戶：firstbyte
蟲蟲下載站版權(quán)所有 京ICP備2021023401號(hào)-1
