By inventing the wireless transmitter or radio in 1897, the Italian physicist Tomaso
Guglielmo Marconi added a new dimension to the world of communications. This
enabled the transmission of the human voice through space without wires. For this
epoch-making invention, this illustrious scientist was honored with the Nobel Prize
for Physics in 1909. Even today, students of wireless or radio technology remember
this distinguished physicist with reverence. A new era began in Radio
Communications.
From its inception, random matrix theory has been heavily influenced
by its applications in physics, statistics and engineering. The landmark
contributions to the theory of random matrices of Wishart (1928) [311],
Wigner (1955) [303], and Mar? cenko and Pastur (1967) [170] were moti-
vated to a large extent by practical experimental problems.
Electrostatic discharge (ESD) phenomena have been known to mankind since the Greek
Empire when Thales of Miletus, one of the Seven Sages of Greece, noticed the attraction of
strands of hay to amber, leading to the coining of the word ‘‘electron.’’ In the 17th century,
Gilbert and Cabeo addressed the attractive and repulsive nature of electricity. In the 18th
century, a rapid increase of interest occurred for scientists in the understanding of electrical
physics—Gray, du Fay, Nollet, Musschenbroeck, Franklin, Watson, Aepinus, Canton,
Electrostatic discharge (ESD) phenomena have been known to mankind since Thales of
Miletus in approximately 600 B.C.E. noticed the attraction of strands of hay to amber.
Two thousand six hundred years have passed and the quest to obtain a better under-
standing of electrostatics and ESD phenomenon continues. Today, the manufacturing
of microelectronics has continued the interest in the field of electrostatic phenomenon
spanning factory issues, tooling, materials, and the microelectronic industry
In the seven years since the first edition of this book was completed, Electrostatic
Discharge (ESD) phenomena in integrated circuits (IC) continues to be important
as technologies shrink and the speed and size of the chips increases. The phenom-
ena related to ESD events in semiconductor devices take place outside the realm of
normal device operation. Hence, the physics governing this behavior are not typ-
ically found in general textbooks on semiconductors.
The goal of this book is to introduce the simulation methods necessary to describe
the behaviour of semiconductor devices during an electrostatic discharge (ESD).
The challenge of this task is the correct description of semiconductor devices under
very high current density and high temperature transients. As it stands, the book
can be no more than a snapshot and a summary of the research in this field
during the past few years. The authors hope that the book will provide the basis
for further development of simulation methods at this current frontier of device
physics.
Modern day large power systems are essentially dynamic systems with stringent
requirements of high reliability for the continuous availability of electricity.
Reliability is contingent on the power system retaining stable operation during
steady-state operation and also following disturbances. The subject of power sys-
tem stability has been studied for many decades. With new developments, and there
have been many over the past couple of decades, new concerns and problems arise
that need to be studied and analysed. The objective of this book is a step in that
direction though not ignoring the conventional and well-established approaches.
This introductory chapter is devoted to reviewing the fundamental ideas of
control from a multivariable point of view. In some cases, the mathematics
and operations on systems (modelling, pole placement, etc.), as previously
treated in introductory courses and textbooks, convey to the readers an un-
realistic image of systems engineering. The simplifying assumptions, simple
examples and “perfect” model set-up usually used in these scenarios present
the control problem as a pure mathematical problem, sometimes losing the
physical meaning of the involved concepts and operations. We try to empha-
sise the engineering implication of some of these concepts and, before entering
into a detailed treatment of the different topics, a general qualitative overview
is provided in this chapter.
Raymond A. Serway和Chris Vuille撰寫的《大學物理》（第9版）可幫助學生掌握物理概念，提高其解決問題的能力，并豐富他們對周圍世界的理解。Serway / Vuille提供了一致的解決問題的策略和無與倫比的工作示例，以幫助學生對物理學產生真正的理解。該標題的WebAssign組件使學生獲得即時反饋，教程，視頻和交互式電子書。
