噪聲系數(NF)是RF系統設計師常用的一個參數,它用于表征RF放大器、混頻器等器件的噪聲,并且被廣泛用作無線電接收機設計的一個工具。許多優秀的通信和接收機設計教材都對噪聲系數進行了詳細的說明(例如參考文獻1),本文重點討論該參數在數據轉換器中的應用。
上傳時間: 2013-11-05
上傳用戶:李彥東
一、電壓放大電路故障檢修技巧 二、功率放大電路故障檢修技巧 三、顯像管座板故障檢修技巧 按元器件分類有:分立元件放大電路,集成運算放大電路。 按功能分類有:電壓放大電路,功率放大電路,低頻放大電路,高頻放大電路等。
上傳時間: 2014-11-23
上傳用戶:w230825hy
Differential Nonlinearity: Ideally, any two adjacent digitalcodes correspond to output analog voltages that are exactlyone LSB apart. Differential non-linearity is a measure of theworst case deviation from the ideal 1 LSB step. For example,a DAC with a 1.5 LSB output change for a 1 LSB digital codechange exhibits 1⁄2 LSB differential non-linearity. Differentialnon-linearity may be expressed in fractional bits or as a percentageof full scale. A differential non-linearity greater than1 LSB will lead to a non-monotonic transfer function in aDAC.Gain Error (Full Scale Error): The difference between theoutput voltage (or current) with full scale input code and theideal voltage (or current) that should exist with a full scale inputcode.Gain Temperature Coefficient (Full Scale TemperatureCoefficient): Change in gain error divided by change in temperature.Usually expressed in parts per million per degreeCelsius (ppm/°C).Integral Nonlinearity (Linearity Error): Worst case deviationfrom the line between the endpoints (zero and full scale).Can be expressed as a percentage of full scale or in fractionof an LSB.LSB (Lease-Significant Bit): In a binary coded system thisis the bit that carries the smallest value or weight. Its value isthe full scale voltage (or current) divided by 2n, where n is theresolution of the converter.Monotonicity: A monotonic function has a slope whose signdoes not change. A monotonic DAC has an output thatchanges in the same direction (or remains constant) for eachincrease in the input code. the converse is true for decreasing codes.
標簽: Converters Defini DAC
上傳時間: 2013-10-30
上傳用戶:stvnash
ANALOG INPUT BANDWIDTH is a measure of the frequencyat which the reconstructed output fundamental drops3 dB below its low frequency value for a full scale input. Thetest is performed with fIN equal to 100 kHz plus integer multiplesof fCLK. The input frequency at which the output is −3dB relative to the low frequency input signal is the full powerbandwidth.APERTURE JITTER is the variation in aperture delay fromsample to sample. Aperture jitter shows up as input noise.APERTURE DELAY See Sampling Delay.BOTTOM OFFSET is the difference between the input voltagethat just causes the output code to transition to the firstcode and the negative reference voltage. Bottom Offset isdefined as EOB = VZT–VRB, where VZT is the first code transitioninput voltage and VRB is the lower reference voltage.Note that this is different from the normal Zero Scale Error.CONVERSION LATENCY See PIPELINE DELAY.CONVERSION TIME is the time required for a completemeasurement by an analog-to-digital converter. Since theConversion Time does not include acquisition time, multiplexerset up time, or other elements of a complete conversioncycle, the conversion time may be less than theThroughput Time.DC COMMON-MODE ERROR is a specification which appliesto ADCs with differential inputs. It is the change in theoutput code that occurs when the analog voltages on the twoinputs are changed by an equal amount. It is usually expressed in LSBs.
上傳時間: 2013-11-12
上傳用戶:pans0ul
零漂移放大器可動態校正其失調電壓并重整其噪聲密度。自穩零型和斬波型是兩種常用類型,可實現 nV 級失調電壓和極低的失調電壓時間/溫度漂移。放大器的 1/f 噪聲也視為直流誤差,也可一并消除。零漂移放大器為設計師提供了很多好處:首先,溫漂和 1/f 噪聲在系統中始終起著干擾作用,很難以其它方式消除,其次,相對于標準的放大器,零漂移放大器具有較高的開環增益、電源抑制比和共模抑制比,另外,在相同的配置下,其總輸出誤差低于采用標準精密放大器的輸出誤差
上傳時間: 2013-11-23
上傳用戶:kristycreasy
MOS關模型 Cgs:由源極和溝道區域重疊的電極形成的,其電容值是由實際區域的大小和在不同工作條件下保持恒定。Cgd:是兩個不同作用的結果。第一JFET區域和門電極的重疊,第二是耗盡區電容(非線性)。等效的Cgd電容是一個Vds電壓的函數。Cds:也是非線性的電容,它是體二極管的結電容,也是和電壓相關的。這些電容都是由Spec上面的Crss,Ciss和Coss決定的。由于Cgd同時在輸入和輸出,因此等效值由于Vds電壓要比原來大很多,這個稱為米勒效應。由于SPEC上面的值按照特定的條件下測試得到的,我們在實際應用的時候需要修改Cgd的值。
上傳時間: 2013-12-09
上傳用戶:qlpqlq
1-8章習 題 解 答 匯 編
標簽: 高頻電子線路
上傳時間: 2014-12-23
上傳用戶:zaizaibang
本文設計數字式液位測量儀,采用雙差壓法對液位進行測量,有效地克服了液體密度變化對液位測量結果的影響,提高液位測量的精度。本設計的液位測量儀還能直接顯示液位高度的厘米數。關鍵詞:雙差壓法 液位測量儀 普通差壓法測量液位, 精度無法保證。本文提出雙差壓法的改進方案,以克服液體密度變化對液位測量結果的影響,提高液位測量的精度。 雙差壓法液位測量原理普通差壓法測量液位的原理:只有在液體密度ρ恒定不變的條件下,差壓△ P 才與液位高度H 呈線性正比關系,才可通過測量差壓△P 間接地獲取液位H 值。但液體密度ρ是液體組份和溫度的多元函數。當液體組份和溫度變化導致密度ρ改變時,即使液位高度H 沒有變化,也將使差壓信號△ P 改變,此時若還按原先的液體密度ρ從差壓信號△ P 計算出液位H,顯然將導致測量誤差, 嚴重時會造成操作人員的錯誤判斷。為此,本文提出采用兩個差壓傳感器,如圖1。其中差壓傳感器1 用于測量未知液位高度H 產生的差壓,即密閉容器底部和液面上方的壓力差:
上傳時間: 2013-11-21
上傳用戶:源碼3
反饋信號只有交流成分時為交流反饋, 反饋信號只有直流成分時為直流反饋, 既有交流成分又有直流成分時為交直流反饋。
上傳時間: 2013-10-18
上傳用戶:qijian11056
VD5026,VD5027是CMOS大規模數字集成電路(見圖1)。前者是編碼器,后者是譯碼器。他們組合應用起來構成一個發射—接收數字編譯碼系統。
上傳時間: 2013-12-26
上傳用戶:jennyzai