在現(xiàn)代通信系統(tǒng)中，電話語(yǔ)音的頻帶被限制在300 Hz～4 kHz的范圍內(nèi)，帶來(lái)了語(yǔ)音可懂度和自然度的降低。為了在不增加額外成本的前提下提高語(yǔ)音的可懂度和自然度，進(jìn)行了電話語(yǔ)音頻帶擴(kuò)展的研究。提出了一種改進(jìn)的基于碼本映射的語(yǔ)音帶寬擴(kuò)展算法：在碼本映射的過(guò)程中，使用加權(quán)系數(shù)來(lái)得到映射碼本。客觀測(cè)試結(jié)果表明，用此算法得到的寬帶語(yǔ)音的譜失真度比用一般的碼本映射降低至少2%。主觀測(cè)試結(jié)果表明，用此算法得到的寬帶語(yǔ)音具有更好的可懂度和自然度。 Abstract: In modern communication systems， the bandwidth of telephone speech is limited from 300Hz to 4 kHz， which reduces the intelligibility and naturalness of speech. Telephone speech bandwidth extension is researched to get wideband speech and to improve its intelligibility and naturalness， without increasing extra costs. This paper put forward an improved algorithm of speech bandwidth extension based on codebook mapping. In the process of codebook mapping， weighted coefficients were used to get mapping codebook. Objective tests sHow that spectral distortion of wideband speech obtained by this algorithm reduces at least 2%， comparing to conditional codebook mapping. Subjective tests sHow that the wideband speech obtained by this algorithm has better intelligibility and naturalness.
標(biāo)簽： 映射 帶寬 擴(kuò)展 語(yǔ)音
上傳時(shí)間： 2014-12-29
上傳用戶：15501536189
This is the Xilinx Dual Processor Reference Designs suite. The designs illustrate a few differentdual-core architectures based on the MicroBlaze™ and PowerPC™ processors. The designsillustrate various concepts described in the Xilinx White Paper WP262 titled, “DesigningMultiprocessor Systems in Platform Studio”. There are simple software applications includedwith the reference designs that sHow various forms of interaction between the two processors.
標(biāo)簽： XAPP 996 雙處理器 參考設(shè)計(jì)
上傳時(shí)間： 2013-10-29
上傳用戶：旭521
為滿足無(wú)線網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)具有低功耗、節(jié)點(diǎn)體積小、網(wǎng)絡(luò)容量大、網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳輸可靠等技術(shù)要求，設(shè)計(jì)了一種以MSP430單片機(jī)和CC2420射頻收發(fā)器組成的無(wú)線傳感節(jié)點(diǎn)。通過(guò)分析其節(jié)點(diǎn)組成，提出了ZigBee技術(shù)中的幾種網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓?fù)湫问剑⒀芯苛薢igBee路由算法。針對(duì)不同的傳輸要求形式選用不同的網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓?fù)湫问娇梢员M大可能地減少系統(tǒng)成本。同時(shí)針對(duì)不同網(wǎng)絡(luò)選用正確的ZigBee路由算法有效地減少了網(wǎng)絡(luò)能量消耗，提高了系統(tǒng)的可靠性。應(yīng)用試驗(yàn)表明，采用ZigBee方式通信可以提高傳輸速率且覆蓋范圍大，與傳統(tǒng)的有線通信方式相比可以節(jié)約40%左右的成本。 Abstract: To improve the proposed technical requirements such as low-ower， small nodes， large capacity and reliable network transmission， wireless sensor nodes based on MSP430 MCU and CC2420 RF transceiver were designed. This paper provided network topology of ZigBee technology by analysing the component of the nodes and researched ZigBee routing algorithm. Aiming at different requirements of transmission mode to choose the different network topologies form can most likely reduce the system cost. And aiming at different network to choose the correct ZigBee routing algorithm can effectively reduced the network energy consumption and improved the reliability of the system. Results sHow that the communication which used ZigBee mode can improve the transmission rate， cover more area and reduce 40% cost compared with traditional wired communications mode.
標(biāo)簽： ZigBee 無(wú)線傳感網(wǎng)絡(luò) 協(xié)議研究 路由
上傳時(shí)間： 2013-10-09
上傳用戶：robter
通過(guò)比較各種隔離數(shù)字通信的特點(diǎn)和應(yīng)用范圍，指出塑料光纖在隔離數(shù)字通信中的優(yōu)勢(shì)。使用已經(jīng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化的TOSLINK接口，有利于節(jié)省硬件開(kāi)發(fā)成本和簡(jiǎn)化設(shè)計(jì)難度。給出了塑料光纖的硬件驅(qū)動(dòng)電路，說(shuō)明設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程中的注意事項(xiàng)，對(duì)光收發(fā)模塊的電壓特性和頻率特性進(jìn)行全面試驗(yàn)，并給出SPI口使用塑料光纖隔離通信的典型應(yīng)用電路圖。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明，該設(shè)計(jì)可為電力現(xiàn)場(chǎng)、電力電子及儀器儀表的設(shè)計(jì)提供參考。 Abstract: y comparing characteristics and applications area of various isolated digital communications， this article indicates advantages of plastic optical fiber in isolated digital communications. Using the standardized TOSLINK interface， it helps to control costs and difficulty in hardware development and design. Then it gives the hardware driver circuit of plastic optical fiber module， explains the noticed details in design process， gives results on the basis of the optical transceiver module voltage characteristics and frequency characteristics tests. Finally，it gives typical application circuit of the SPI communication port by using plastic optical fiber isolation .The results sHow that this design can be referenced for the power field， power electronics and instrumentation design.
標(biāo)簽： 塑料光纖 高壓隔離 通信 接口設(shè)計(jì)
上傳時(shí)間： 2014-01-10
上傳用戶：gundan
同步技術(shù)是跳頻通信系統(tǒng)的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)之一，尤其是在快速跳頻通信系統(tǒng)中，常規(guī)跳頻通信通過(guò)同步字頭攜帶相關(guān)碼的方法來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)同步，但對(duì)于快跳頻來(lái)說(shuō)，由于是一跳或者多跳傳輸一個(gè)調(diào)制符號(hào)，難以攜帶相關(guān)碼。對(duì)此引入雙跳頻圖案方法，提出了一種適用于快速跳頻通信系統(tǒng)的同步方案。采用短碼攜帶同步信息，克服了快速跳頻難以攜帶相關(guān)碼的困難。分析了同步性能，仿真結(jié)果表明該方案同步時(shí)間短、虛警概率低、捕獲概率高，同步性能可靠。 Abstract: Synchronization is one of the key techniques to frequency-hopping communication system， especially in the fast frequency hopping communication system. In conventional frequency hopping communication systems， synchronization can be achieved by synchronization-head which can be used to carry the synchronization information， but for the fast frequency hopping， Because modulation symbol is transmitted by per hop or multi-hop， it is difficult to carry the correlation code. For the limitation of fast frequency hopping in carrying correlation code， a fast frequency-hopping synchronization scheme with two hopping patterns is proposed. The synchronization information is carried by short code， which overcomes the difficulty of correlation code transmission in fast frequency-hopping. The performance of the scheme is analyzed， and simulation results sHow that the scheme has the advantages of shorter synchronization time， lower probability of false alarm， higher probability of capture and more reliable of synchronization.
標(biāo)簽： 快速跳頻 同步技術(shù) 通信系統(tǒng)
上傳時(shí)間： 2013-11-23
上傳用戶：mpquest
Calculation of the Differential Impedance of Tracks on FR4 substrates There is a discrepancy between calculated and measured values of impedance for differential transmission lineson FR4. This is especially noticeable in the case of surface microstrip configurations. The anomaly is sHown tobe due to the nature of the substrate material. This needs to be considered as a layered structure of epoxy resinand glass fibre. Calculations, using Boundary Element field methods, sHow that the distribution of the electricfield within this layered structure determines the apparent dielectric constant and therefore affects theimpedance. Thus FR4 cannot be considered to be uniform dielectric when calculating differential impedance.
上傳時(shí)間： 2013-10-18
上傳用戶：masochism
為了提高直接轉(zhuǎn)矩控制（DTC）系統(tǒng)定子磁鏈估計(jì)精度，降低電流、電壓測(cè)量的隨機(jī)誤差，提出了一種基于擴(kuò)展卡爾曼濾波（EKF）實(shí)現(xiàn)異步電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)子位置和速度估計(jì)的方法。擴(kuò)展卡爾曼濾波器是建立在基于旋轉(zhuǎn)坐標(biāo)系下由定子電流、電壓、轉(zhuǎn)子轉(zhuǎn)速和其它電機(jī)參量所構(gòu)成的電機(jī)模型上，將定子電流、定子磁鏈、轉(zhuǎn)速和轉(zhuǎn)子角位置作為狀態(tài)變量，定子電壓為輸入變量，定子電流為輸出變量，通過(guò)對(duì)磁鏈和轉(zhuǎn)速的閉環(huán)控制提高定子磁鏈的估計(jì)精度，實(shí)現(xiàn)了異步電機(jī)的無(wú)速度傳感器直接轉(zhuǎn)矩控制策略，仿真結(jié)果驗(yàn)證了該方法的可行性,提高了直接轉(zhuǎn)矩的控制性能。 Abstract: In order to improve the Direct Torque Control（DTC） system of stator flux estimation accuracy and reduce the current， voltage measurement of random error， a novel method to estimate the speed and rotor position of asynchronous motor based on extended Kalman filter was introduced. EKF was based on d-p axis motor and other motor parameters （state vector: stator current， stator flux linkage， rotor angular speed and position； input: stator voltage； output: staror current). EKF was designed for stator flux and rotor speed estimation in close-loop control. It can improve the estimated accuracy of stator flux. It is possible to estimate the speed and rotor position and implement asynchronous motor drives without position and speed sensors. The simulation results sHow it is efficient and improves the control performance.
標(biāo)簽： EKF 異步電機(jī) 直接轉(zhuǎn)矩 控制系統(tǒng)
上傳時(shí)間： 2015-01-02
上傳用戶：qingdou
在Multisim 10軟件環(huán)境下，設(shè)計(jì)一種由運(yùn)算放大器構(gòu)成的精確可控矩形波信號(hào)發(fā)生器，結(jié)合系統(tǒng)電路原理圖重點(diǎn)闡述了各參數(shù)指標(biāo)的實(shí)現(xiàn)與測(cè)試方法。通過(guò)改變RC電路的電容充、放電路徑和時(shí)間常數(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)了占空比和頻率的調(diào)節(jié)，通過(guò)多路開(kāi)關(guān)投入不同數(shù)值的電容實(shí)現(xiàn)了頻段的調(diào)節(jié)，通過(guò)電壓取樣和同相放大電路實(shí)現(xiàn)了輸出電壓幅值的調(diào)節(jié)并提高了電路的帶負(fù)載能力，可作為頻率和幅值可調(diào)的方波信號(hào)發(fā)生器。Multisim 10仿真分析及應(yīng)用電路測(cè)試結(jié)果表明，電路性能指標(biāo)達(dá)到了設(shè)計(jì)要求。 Abstract: Based on Multisim 10， this paper designed a kind of rectangular-wave signal generator which could be controlled exactly composed of operational amplifier， the key point was how to implement and test the parameter indicators based on the circuit diagram. The duty and the frequency were adjusted by changing the time constant and the way of charging and discharging of the capacitor， the width of frequency was adjusted by using different capacitors provided with multiple switch， the amplitude of output voltage was adjusted by sampling voltage and using in-phase amplifier circuit，the ability of driving loads was raised， the circuit can be used as squarewave signal generator whose frequency and amplitude can be adjusted. The final simulation results of Multisim 10 and the tests of applicable circuit sHow that the performance indicators of the circuit meets the design requirements.
標(biāo)簽： Multisim 矩形波 信號(hào)發(fā)生器 仿真
上傳時(shí)間： 2014-01-21
上傳用戶：shen007yue
Displaying a large bitmap file on a dialog box, in its original size, is quite difficult in the VC++ environment. However, it is possible to display a large bitmap to a predefined area of the dialog by using the StretchBlt( ) function.The major disadvantage of this is that the clarity of the image will be lost. Check out this article for displaying large bitmaps into the desired area of your dialog box in its original size with a scrolling technique used to sHow the entire bitmap. 滾動(dòng)顯示位圖 在VC++環(huán)境下，在一個(gè)對(duì)話框中顯示一個(gè)原始尺寸的大小的位圖文件相當(dāng)是困難的。然而,通過(guò)使用 StretchBlt()函數(shù)一個(gè)給定的區(qū)域顯示一個(gè)大的位圖是可能的。主要的缺點(diǎn)是圖像將會(huì)失真。看了這篇通過(guò)卷動(dòng)技術(shù)顯示整個(gè)位圖技術(shù)的文章，你將能夠以它的原始尺寸在給定對(duì)話框的區(qū)域內(nèi)顯示一個(gè)大位圖。 來(lái)源: http://www.codeguru.com/bitmap/ScrollBitmap.html
標(biāo)簽： Displaying difficult original bitmap
上傳時(shí)間： 2014-01-05
上傳用戶：yiwen213
先進(jìn)的窗口管理器。可以在你的桌面上實(shí)現(xiàn)凍結(jié)、解凍、更名、設(shè)置總在最上面、設(shè)置不總在最上面、閃爍、最大化、最小化、聚焦、隱藏、顯示和中斷一個(gè)可視或不可視窗口的功能。 An advanced window manager that allows you to freeze, dfreeze, rename, set always on top, set not always on top, flash, maximize, minimize, focus, hide, sHow or terminate an visible or invisible window on your desktop.
標(biāo)簽： advanced window 窗口 可視
上傳時(shí)間： 2015-03-25
上傳用戶：qq21508895
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