提出了一種改進(jìn)的LSM-ALSM子空間模式識(shí)別方法,將LSM的旋轉(zhuǎn)策略引入ALSM,使子空間之間互不關(guān)聯(lián)的情況得到改善,提高了ALSM對(duì)相似樣本的區(qū)分能力。討論中以性能函數(shù)代替經(jīng)驗(yàn)函數(shù)來(lái)確定拒識(shí)規(guī)則的參數(shù),實(shí)現(xiàn)了識(shí)別率、誤識(shí)率與拒識(shí)率之間的最佳平衡;通過(guò)對(duì)有限字符集的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,LSM-ALSM算法有效地改善了分類器的識(shí)別率和可靠性。關(guān) 鍵 詞 學(xué)習(xí)子空間; 性能函數(shù); 散布矩陣; 最小描述長(zhǎng)度在子空間模式識(shí)別方法中,一個(gè)線性子空間代表一個(gè)模式類別,該子空間由反映類別本質(zhì)的一組特征矢量張成,分類器根據(jù)輸入樣本在各子空間上的投影長(zhǎng)度將其歸為相應(yīng)的類別。典型的子空間算法有以下三種[1, 2]:CLAFIC(CLASS-feature Information Compression)算法以相關(guān)矩陣的部分特征向量來(lái)構(gòu)造子空間,實(shí)現(xiàn)了特征信息的壓縮,但對(duì)樣本的利用為一次性,不能根據(jù)分類結(jié)果進(jìn)行調(diào)整和學(xué)習(xí),對(duì)樣本信息的利用不充分;學(xué)習(xí)子空間方法(Leaning Subspace Method, LSM)通過(guò)旋轉(zhuǎn)子空間來(lái)拉大樣本所屬類別與最近鄰類別的距離,以此提高分類能力,但對(duì)樣本的訓(xùn)練順序敏感,同一樣本訓(xùn)練的順序不同對(duì)子空間構(gòu)造的影響就不同;平均學(xué)習(xí)子空間算法(Averaged Learning Subspace Method, ALSM)是在迭代訓(xùn)練過(guò)程中,用錯(cuò)誤分類的樣本去調(diào)整散布矩陣,訓(xùn)練結(jié)果與樣本輸入順序無(wú)關(guān),所有樣本平均參與訓(xùn)練,其不足之處是各模式的子空間之間相互獨(dú)立。針對(duì)以上問(wèn)題,本文提出一種改進(jìn)的子空間模式識(shí)別方法。子空間模式識(shí)別的基本原理1.1 子空間的分類規(guī)則子空間模式識(shí)別方法的每一類別由一個(gè)子空間表示,子空間分類器的基本分類規(guī)則是按矢量在各子空間上的投影長(zhǎng)度大小,將樣本歸類到最大長(zhǎng)度所對(duì)應(yīng)的類別,在類x()iω的子空間上投影長(zhǎng)度的平方為()211,2,,()argmax()jMTkkjpg===Σx (1)式中 函數(shù)稱為分類函數(shù);為子空間基矢量。兩類的分類情況如圖1所示。
CLASS="tags">標(biāo)簽: 子空間 模式 識(shí)別方法
CLASS="time">上傳時(shí)間: 2013-12-25
CLASS="username">上傳用戶:熊少鋒
中文版詳情瀏覽:http://www.elecfans.com/emb/fpga/20130715324029.html Xilinx UltraScale:The Next-Generation Architecture for Your Next-Generation Architecture The Xilinx® UltraScale™ architecture delivers unprecedented levels of integration and capability with ASIC-CLASS system- level performance for the most demanding applications. The UltraScale architecture is the industr y's f irst application of leading-edge ASIC architectural enhancements in an All Programmable architecture that scales from 20 nm planar through 16 nm FinFET technologies and beyond, in addition to scaling from monolithic through 3D ICs. Through analytical co-optimization with the X ilinx V ivado® Design Suite, the UltraScale architecture provides massive routing capacity while intelligently resolving typical bottlenecks in ways never before possible. This design synergy achieves greater than 90% utilization with no performance degradation. Some of the UltraScale architecture breakthroughs include: • Strategic placement (virtually anywhere on the die) of ASIC-like system clocks, reducing clock skew by up to 50% • Latency-producing pipelining is virtually unnecessary in systems with massively parallel bus architecture, increasing system speed and capability • Potential timing-closure problems and interconnect bottlenecks are eliminated, even in systems requiring 90% or more resource utilization • 3D IC integration makes it possible to build larger devices one process generation ahead of the current industr y standard • Greatly increased system performance, including multi-gigabit serial transceivers, I/O, and memor y bandwidth is available within even smaller system power budgets • Greatly enhanced DSP and packet handling The Xilinx UltraScale architecture opens up whole new dimensions for designers of ultra-high-capacity solutions.
CLASS="tags">標(biāo)簽: UltraScale Xilinx 架構(gòu)
CLASS="time">上傳時(shí)間: 2013-11-13
CLASS="username">上傳用戶:瓦力瓦力hong
The Xilinx Zynq-7000 Extensible Processing Platform (EPP) redefines the possibilities for embedded systems, giving system and software architects and developers a flexible platform to launch their new solutions and traditional ASIC and ASSP users an alternative that aligns with today’s programmable imperative. The new CLASS of product elegantly combines an industrystandard ARMprocessor-based system with Xilinx 28nm programmable logic—in a single device. The processor boots first, prior to configuration of the programmable logic. This, along with a streamlined workflow, saves time and effort and lets software developers and hardware designers start development simultaneously.
CLASS="tags">標(biāo)簽: xilinx Zynq 7000 EPP
CLASS="time">上傳時(shí)間: 2013-11-01
CLASS="username">上傳用戶:dingdingcandy
特點(diǎn) 最高輸入頻率 10KHz 顯示范圍0-9999(一段設(shè)定)0至999999累積量 計(jì)數(shù)速度 50/10000脈波/秒可選擇 輸入脈波具有預(yù)設(shè)刻度功能 累積量同步(批量)或非同步(批次)計(jì)數(shù)可選擇 數(shù)位化指撥設(shè)定操作簡(jiǎn)易 計(jì)數(shù)暫時(shí)停止功能 1組報(bào)警功能 2:主要規(guī)格 脈波輸入型式: Jump-pin selectable current sourcing(NPN) or current sinking (PNP) 脈波觸發(fā)電位: HI bias (CMOS) (VIH=7.5V, VIL=5.5V) LO bias (TTL) (VIH=3.7V, VIL=2.0V) 最高輸入頻率: <10KHz (up,down,up/down mode) 輸出動(dòng)作時(shí)間 : 0.1 to 99.9 second adjustable 輸出復(fù)歸方式: Manual(N) or automatic (R or C) can be modif 繼電器容量: AC 250V-5A, DC 30V-7A 顯示值范圍: 0-9999(PV,SV) 0-999999(TV) 顯示幕: Red high efficiency LEDs high 7.0mm (.276")(PV,SV) Red high efficiency LEDs high 9.2mm (.36")(TV) 參數(shù)設(shè)定方式: Touch switches 感應(yīng)器電源: 12VDC +/-3%(<60mA) 記憶方式: Non-volatile E2PROM memory 絕緣耐壓能力: 2KVac/1 min. (input/output/power) 1600Vdc (input/output) 使用環(huán)境條件: 0-50℃(20 to 90% RH non-condensed) 存放環(huán)境條件: 0-70℃(20 to 90% RH non-condensed) CE認(rèn)證: EN 55022:1998/A1:2000 CLASS A EN 61000-3-2:2000 EN 61000-3-3:1995/A1:2001 EN 55024:1998/A1:2001
CLASS="tags">標(biāo)簽: 設(shè)定 累積計(jì)數(shù)器
CLASS="time">上傳時(shí)間: 2013-10-24
CLASS="username">上傳用戶:wvbxj
特點(diǎn) 顯示值范圍-199999至999999位數(shù) 最高輸入頻率 5KHz 90度相位差加減算具有提高解析度4倍功能 輸入脈波具有預(yù)設(shè)刻度功能 定位基準(zhǔn)值可任意設(shè)定 比較磁滯值可任意設(shè)定 數(shù)位化指撥設(shè)定操作簡(jiǎn)易 3組繼電器輸出功能 2:主要規(guī)格 脈波輸入型式: Jump-pin selectable current sourcing(NPN) or current sinking (PNP) 脈波觸發(fā)電位: HI bias (CMOS) (VIH=7.5V, VIL=5.5V) LO bias (TTL) (VIH=3.7V, VIL=2.0V) 最高輸入頻率: <5KHz 定位置范圍: -199999 to 999999 second adjustabl 比較磁滯范圍: 0 to 9999 adjustable 繼電器容量: AC 250V-5A, DC 30V-7A 顯示值范圍: -199999 to 999999 顯示幕: Red high efficiency LEDs high 9.2mm (.36") 參數(shù)設(shè)定方式: Touch switches 感應(yīng)器電源: 12VDC +/-3%(<60mA) 記憶方式: Non-volatile E2PROM memory 絕緣耐壓能力: 2KVac/1 min. (input/output/power) 1600Vdc (input/output) 使用環(huán)境條件: 0-50℃(20 to 90% RH non-condensed) 存放環(huán)境條件: 0-70℃(20 to 90% RH non-condensed) CE認(rèn)證: EN 55022:1998/A1:2000 CLASS A EN 61000-3-2:2000 EN 61000-3-3:1995/A1:2001 EN 55024:1998/A1:2001
CLASS="tags">標(biāo)簽: 72 mm 自動(dòng)定位 控制
CLASS="time">上傳時(shí)間: 2014-12-03
CLASS="username">上傳用戶:xjz632
特點(diǎn) 精確度0.25%滿刻度 ±1位數(shù) 輸入配線系統(tǒng)可任意選擇 CT比可任意設(shè)定 具有異常電流值與異常次數(shù)記錄保留功能 電流過(guò)高或過(guò)低檢測(cè)可任意設(shè)定 報(bào)警繼電器復(fù)歸方式可任意設(shè)定 尺寸小,穩(wěn)定性高 2.主要規(guī)格 輔助電源: AC110V&220V ±20%(50 or 60Hz) AC220V&440V ±20%(50 or 60Hz)(optional) 精確度: 0.25% F.S. ±1 digit 輸入負(fù)載: <0.2VA (Current) 最大過(guò)載能力 : Current related input: 2 x rated continuous 10 x rated 30 sec. 25 x rated 3sec. 50 x rated 1 sec. 輸入電流范圍: AC0-5A (10-1000Hz) CT ratio : 1-2000 adjustable 啟動(dòng)延遲動(dòng)作時(shí)間: 0-99.9 second adjustable 繼電器延遲動(dòng)作時(shí)間: 0-99.9 second adjustable 繼電器復(fù)歸方式: Manual (N) / latch(L) can be modified 繼電器磁滯范圍: 0-999 digit adjustable 繼電器動(dòng)作方向: HI /LO/GO/HL can be modified 繼電器容量: AC 250V-5A, DC 30V-7A 過(guò)載顯示: "doFL" 溫度系數(shù): 50ppm/℃ (0-50℃) 顯示幕: Red high efficiency LEDs high 14.22mm(.56")(PV) Red high efficiency LEDs high 14.22mm(.276")(NO) 參數(shù)設(shè)定方式: Touch switches 記憶型式 : Non-volatile E2PROM memory 絕緣耐壓能力: 2KVac/1 min. (input/output/power) 1600Vdc(input/output 使用環(huán)境條件 : 0-50℃(20 to 90% RH non-condensed) 存放環(huán)境條件: 0-70℃(20 to 90% RH non-condensed) CE認(rèn)證: EN 55022:1998/A1:2000 CLASS A EN 61000-3-2:2000 EN 61000-3-3:1995/A1:2001 EN 55024:1998/A1:2001
CLASS="tags">標(biāo)簽: 微電腦 交流電流 警報(bào)電表
CLASS="time">上傳時(shí)間: 2013-10-14
CLASS="username">上傳用戶:wanghui2438
特點(diǎn) 精確度0.1%滿刻度 ±1位數(shù) 可量測(cè) 交直流電流/交直流電壓/電位計(jì)/傳送器/Pt-100/荷重元/電阻 等信號(hào) 顯示范圍-1999-9999可任意規(guī)劃 具有異常值與異常次數(shù)記錄保留功能 異常信號(hào)過(guò)高或過(guò)低或范圍內(nèi)或范圍外檢測(cè)可任意設(shè)定 報(bào)警繼電器復(fù)歸方式可任意設(shè)定 尺寸小,穩(wěn)定性高 2.主要規(guī)格 精確度: 0.1% F.S. ±1 digit 0.2% F.S. ±1 digit(AC) 取樣時(shí)間: 16 cycles/sec. 顯示值范圍: -1999 - +9999 digit adjustable 啟動(dòng)延遲動(dòng)作時(shí)間: 0-99.9 second adjustable 繼電器延遲動(dòng)作時(shí)間: 0-99.9 second adjustable 繼電器復(fù)歸方式: Manual (N) / latch(L) can be modified 繼電器動(dòng)作方向: HI /LO/GO/HL can be modified 繼電器容量: AC 250V-5A, DC 30V-7A 過(guò)載顯示: "doFL" 溫度系數(shù): 50ppm/℃ (0-50℃) 顯示幕: Red high efficiency LEDs high 14.22mm(.56")(PV) Red high efficiency LEDs high 7.0mm(.276")(NO) 參數(shù)設(shè)定方式: Touch switches 記憶型式 : Non-volatile E2PROM memory 絕緣耐壓能力: 2KVac/1 min. (input/output/power) 1600Vdc(input/output 使用環(huán)境條件 : 0-50℃(20 to 90% RH non-condensed) 存放環(huán)境條件: 0-70℃(20 to 90% RH non-condensed) CE認(rèn)證: EN 55022:1998/A1:2000 CLASS A EN 61000-3-2:2000 EN 61000-3-3:1995/A1:2001 EN 55024:1998/A1:2001
CLASS="tags">標(biāo)簽: 微電腦 警報(bào)電表
CLASS="time">上傳時(shí)間: 2013-11-02
CLASS="username">上傳用戶:fandeshun
特點(diǎn) 最高輸入頻率 10KHz 計(jì)數(shù)速度 50/10000脈波/秒可選擇 四種輸入模式可選擇(加算,減算,加減算,90度相位差加減算) 90度相位差加減算具有提高解析度4倍功能 輸入脈波具有預(yù)設(shè)刻度功能 計(jì)數(shù)暫時(shí)停止功能 3組報(bào)警功能 15BIT類比輸出功能 數(shù)位RS-485界面 2:主要規(guī)格 脈波輸入型式: Jump-pin selectable current sourcing(NPN) or current sinking (PNP) 脈波觸發(fā)電位: HI bias (CMOS) (VIH=7.5V, VIL=5.5V) LO bias (TTL) (VIH=3.7V, VIL=2.0V) 最高輸入頻率: <10KHz (up,down,up/down mode) <3KHz (quadrature mode) 輸出動(dòng)作時(shí)間 : 0.1 to 99.9 second adjustable 輸出復(fù)歸方式: Manual(N) or automatic (R or C) can be modif 繼電器容量: AC 250V-5A, DC 30V-7A 顯示值范圍: -199999 to 999999 類比輸出解析度: 15 bit DAC 輸出反應(yīng)速度: < 1/f+10ms(0-90%) 輸出負(fù)載能力: < 10mA for voltage mode < 10V for current mode <[(V+)-7.5V]/20mA for two-wire mode 輸出之漣波: < 0.1% F.S. 通訊位址: "01"-"FF" 傳輸速度: 19200/9600/4800/2400 selective 通信協(xié)議: Modbus RTU mode 顯示幕: Red high efficiency LEDs high 14.22mm (.56") 參數(shù)設(shè)定方式: Touch switches 感應(yīng)器電源: 12VDC +/-3%(<60mA) 記憶方式: Non-volatile E2PROM memory 絕緣耐壓能力: 2KVac/1 min. (input/output/power) 1600Vdc (input/output) 使用環(huán)境條件: 0-50℃(20 to 90% RH non-condensed) 存放環(huán)境條件: 0-70℃(20 to 90% RH non-condensed) CE認(rèn)證: EN 55022:1998/A1:2000 CLASS A EN 61000-3-2:2000 EN 61000-3-3:1995/A1:2001 EN 55024:1998/A1:2001
CLASS="tags">標(biāo)簽: 48 96 mm 微電腦
CLASS="time">上傳時(shí)間: 2013-11-23
CLASS="username">上傳用戶:redmoons
特點(diǎn) 最高輸入頻率 10KHz 計(jì)數(shù)速度 50/10000脈波/秒可選擇 四種輸入模式可選擇(加算,減算,加減算,90度相位差加減算) 90度相位差加減算具有提高解析度4倍功能 輸入脈波具有預(yù)設(shè)刻度功能 前置量設(shè)定功能(二段設(shè)定)可選擇 數(shù)位化指撥設(shè)定操作簡(jiǎn)易 計(jì)數(shù)暫時(shí)停止功能 3組報(bào)警功能 2:主要規(guī)格 脈波輸入型式: Jump-pin selectable current sourcing(NPN) or current sinking (PNP) 脈波觸發(fā)電位: HI bias (CMOS) (VIH=7.5V, VIL=5.5V) LO bias (TTL) (VIH=3.7V, VIL=2.0V) 最高輸入頻率: <10KHz (up,down,up/down mode) <5KHz (quadrature mode) 輸出動(dòng)作時(shí)間 : 0.1 to 99.9 second adjustable 輸出復(fù)歸方式: Manual(N) or automatic (R or C) can be modif 繼電器容量: AC 250V-5A, DC 30V-7A 顯示值范圍: -199999 to 999999 顯示幕: Red high efficiency LEDs high 9.2mm (.36") 參數(shù)設(shè)定方式: Touch switches 感應(yīng)器電源: 12VDC +/-3%(<60mA) ( 感應(yīng)器電源 ) 記憶方式: Non-volatile E2PROM memory 絕緣耐壓能力: 2KVac/1 min. (input/output/power) 1600Vdc (input/output) 使用環(huán)境條件: 0-50℃(20 to 90% RH non-condensed) 存放環(huán)境條件: 0-70℃(20 to 90% RH non-condensed) CE認(rèn)證: EN 55022:1998/A1:2000 CLASS A EN 61000-3-2:2000 EN 61000-3-3:1995/A1:2001 EN 55024:1998/A1:2001
CLASS="tags">標(biāo)簽: 72 mm 微電腦 計(jì)數(shù)器
CLASS="time">上傳時(shí)間: 2013-11-12
CLASS="username">上傳用戶:909000580
特點(diǎn) 精確度0.1%滿刻度 可輸入交直流電流/交直流電壓/電位計(jì)/傳送器...等信號(hào) 16 BIT類比輸出功能 輸入與輸出絕緣耐壓2仟伏特/1分鐘 寬范圍交直流兩用電源設(shè)計(jì) 尺寸小,穩(wěn)定性高 2主要規(guī)格 精確度: 0.1% F.S. (23 ±5℃) 顯示值范圍: 0-±19999 digit adjustable 類比輸出解析度: 16 bit DAC 輸出反應(yīng)速度: < 250 ms (0-90%)(>10Hz) 輸出負(fù)載能力: < 10mA for voltage mode < 10V for current mode 輸出之漣波: < 0.1% F.S. 歸零調(diào)整范圍: 0- ±9999 Digit adjustable 最大值調(diào)整范圍: 0- ±9999 Digit adjustable 溫度系數(shù): 50ppm/℃ (0-50℃) 顯示幕: Red high efficiency LEDs high 10.16mm (0.4") 隔離特性: Input/Output/Power/Case 參數(shù)設(shè)定方式: Touch switches 記憶方式: Non-volatile E2PROM memory 絕緣抗阻: >100Mohm with 500V DC 絕緣耐壓能力: 2KVac/1 min. (input/output/power) 1600Vdc (input/output) 使用環(huán)境條件: 0-60℃(20 to 90% RH non-condensed) 存放環(huán)境條件: 0-70℃(20 to 90% RH non-condensed) 安裝方式: Socket/plugin type with barrier terminals CE認(rèn)證: EN 55022:1998/A1:2000 CLASS A EN 61000-3-2:2000 EN 61000-3-3:1995/A1:2001 EN 55024:1998/A1:2001
CLASS="tags">標(biāo)簽: 微電腦 隔離傳送器
CLASS="time">上傳時(shí)間: 2014-01-05
CLASS="username">上傳用戶:eastgan