function [R,k,b] = msc(A)
% 多元散射校正
% 輸入待處理矩陣，通過多元散射校正，求得校正后的矩陣
%% 獲得矩陣行列數(shù)
[m,n] = size(A);
%% 求平均光譜
M = mean(A,2);
%% 利用最小二乘法求每一列的斜率k和截距b
for i = 1:n
a = polyfit(M,A(:,i),1);
if i == 1
k = a(1);
b = a(2);
else
k = [k,a(1)];
b = [b,a(2)];
end
end
%% 求得結(jié)果
for i = 1:n
AI = (A(:,i)-b(i))/k(i);
if i == 1
R = AI;
else
R = [R,AI];
end
end
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has undoubtedly been one of the most important buz-
zwords over the past years. The goal in AI is to design algorithms that transform com-
puters into “intelligent” agents. By intelligence here we do not necessarily mean an
extraordinary level of smartness shown by superhuman; it rather often involves very
basic problems that humans solve very frequently in their day-to-day life. This can
be as simple as recognizing faces in an image, driving a car, playing a board game, or
reading (and understanding) an article in a newspaper. The intelligent behaviour ex-
hibited by humans when “reading” is one of the mAIn goals for a subfield of AI called
Natural Language Processing (NLP). Natural language 1 is one of the most complex
tools used by humans for a wide range of reasons, for instance to communicate with
others, to express thoughts, feelings and ideas, to ask questions, or to give instruc-
tions. Therefore, it is crucial for computers to possess the ability to use the same tool
in order to effectively interact with humans.
The Industrial Revolution, which started in England around 1760, has replaced
human muscle power with the machine. Artificial intelligence (AI) AIms at replacing
human intelligence with the machine. The work on artificial intelligence started in
the early 1950s, and the term itself was coined in 1956.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a big field, and this is a big book. We have tried to explore the
full breadth of the field, which encompasses logic, probability, and continuous mathematics;
perception, reasoning, learning, and action; and everything from microelectronic devices to
robotic planetary explorers. The book is also big because we go into some depth.
The subtitle of this book is “A Modern Approach.” The intended meaning of this rather
empty phrase is that we have tried to synthesize what is now known into a common frame-
work, rather than trying to explAIn each subfield of AI in its own historical context. We
apologize to those whose subfields are, as a result, less recognizable.
