微弱信號檢測裝置 四川理工學(xué)院 劉鵬飛、梁天德、曾學(xué)明 摘要： 本設(shè)計以TI的Launch Pad為核心板，采用鎖相放大技術(shù)設(shè)計并制作了一套微弱信號檢測裝置，用以檢測在強(qiáng)噪聲背景下已知頻率微弱正弦波信號的幅度值，并在液晶屏上數(shù)字顯示出所測信號相應(yīng)的幅度值。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示其抗干擾能力強(qiáng)，測量精度高。 關(guān)鍵詞：強(qiáng)噪聲；微弱信號；鎖相放大；Launch Pad Abstract: This design is based on the Launch Pad of TI core board, using a lock-in amplifier technique designed and produced a weak signal detection device, to measure the known frequency sine wave signal amplitude values of the weak in the high noise background, and shows the measured signal amplitude of the corresponding value in the liquid crystal screen. Test results showed that it has high accuracy and strong anti-jamming capability. Keywords: weak signal detection; lock-in-amplifier; Launch Pad 1、引言 隨著現(xiàn)代科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展，在科研與生產(chǎn)過程中人們越來越需要從復(fù)雜高強(qiáng)度的噪聲中檢測出有用的微弱信號，因此對微弱信號的檢測成為當(dāng)前科研的熱點(diǎn)。微弱信號并不意味著信號幅度小，而是指被噪聲淹沒的信號，“微弱”也僅是相對于噪聲而言的。只有在有效抑制噪聲的條件下有選擇的放大微弱信號的幅度，才能提取出有用信號。微弱信號檢測技術(shù)的應(yīng)用相當(dāng)廣泛，在生物醫(yī)學(xué)、光學(xué)、電學(xué)、材料科學(xué)等相關(guān)領(lǐng)域顯得愈發(fā)重要。 2、方案論證 針對微弱信號的檢測的方法有很多，比如濾波法、取樣積分器、鎖相放大器等。下面就針對這幾種方法做一簡要說明。 方案一：濾波法。 在大部分的檢測儀器中都要用到濾波方法對模擬信號進(jìn)行一定的處理，例如隔離直流分量，改善信號波形，防止離散化時的波形混疊，克服噪聲的不利影響，提高信噪比等。常用的噪聲濾波器有：帶通、帶阻、高通、低通等。但是濾波方法檢測信號不能用于信號頻譜與噪聲頻譜重疊的情況，有其局限性。雖然可以對濾波器的通頻帶進(jìn)行調(diào)節(jié)，但其噪聲抑制能力有限，同時其準(zhǔn)確性與穩(wěn)定性將大打折扣。
標(biāo)簽： 2012 TI 電子設(shè)計大賽 微弱信號
上傳時間： 2013-11-04
上傳用戶：lty6899826
為了提高數(shù)字水印抗擊各種圖像攻擊的性能和保持圖像的穩(wěn)健性和不可見性，提出了一種基于離散小波變換（DWT），SVD（singular value decomposition）奇異值分解水印圖像和原始載體圖像的離散余弦變換（DCT）的自適應(yīng)水印嵌入算法，主要是將水印圖像的兩次小波變換后的低頻分量潛入到原始圖像分塊經(jīng)過SVD分解的S分量矩陣中，同時根據(jù)圖像的JPEG壓縮比的不同計算各個圖像塊的水印調(diào)節(jié)因子。實(shí)驗(yàn)證明該算法在抗擊JPEG壓縮、中值濾波、加噪等均具有很好的魯棒性，嵌入后的圖像的PSNR達(dá)到38，具有良好的視覺掩蔽性
標(biāo)簽： 數(shù)字水印算法
上傳時間： 2013-10-09
上傳用戶：ca05991270
Abstract: Most magnetic read head data sheets do not fully specify the frequency-dependent components andare often vague when specifying other key parameters. In some cases, the specifications of two very similarheads from two different manufacturers might be quite different in terms of parameters specified and omitted.The limitations in the data sheets make designing an optimum card reading system unnecessarily difficult andtime consuming. This document outlines a strategy to overcome the above shortcomings and offers guidelinesto overcome the noise issues.
標(biāo)簽： MCR 噪聲環(huán)境 磁卡讀寫器
上傳時間： 2013-11-13
上傳用戶：dysyase
多反饋濾波器是一種流行的濾波器結(jié)構(gòu)，以運(yùn)算放大器作為積分器，如圖1所示。因而，其傳遞函數(shù)對運(yùn)算放大器參數(shù)的依賴度高于Sallen-Key設(shè)計。
標(biāo)簽： 反饋濾波器
上傳時間： 2013-11-15
上傳用戶：robter
Differential Nonlinearity: Ideally, any two adjacent digitalcodes correspond to output analog voltages that are exactlyone LSB apart. Differential non-linearity is a measure of theworst case deviation from the ideal 1 LSB step. For example,a DAC with a 1.5 LSB output change for a 1 LSB digital codechange exhibits 1⁄2 LSB differential non-linearity. Differentialnon-linearity may be expressed in fractional bits or as a percentageof full scale. A differential non-linearity greater than1 LSB will lead to a non-monotonic transfer function in aDAC.Gain Error (Full Scale Error): The difference between theoutput voltage (or current) with full scale input code and theideal voltage (or current) that should exist with a full scale inputcode.Gain Temperature Coefficient (Full Scale TemperatureCoefficient): Change in gain error divided by change in temperature.Usually expressed in parts per million per degreeCelsius (ppm/°C).Integral Nonlinearity (Linearity Error): Worst case deviationfrom the line between the endpoints (zero and full scale).Can be expressed as a percentage of full scale or in fractionof an LSB.LSB (Lease-Significant Bit): In a binary coded system thisis the bit that carries the smallest value or weight. Its value isthe full scale voltage (or current) divided by 2n, where n is theresolution of the converter.Monotonicity: A monotonic function has a slope whose signdoes not change. A monotonic DAC has an output thatchanges in the same direction (or remains constant) for eachincrease in the input code. the converse is true for decreasing codes.
標(biāo)簽： Converters Defini DAC
上傳時間： 2013-10-30
上傳用戶：stvnash
ANALOG INPUT BANDWIDTH is a measure of the frequencyat which the reconstructed output fundamental drops3 dB below its low frequency value for a full scale input. Thetest is performed with fIN equal to 100 kHz plus integer multiplesof fCLK. The input frequency at which the output is −3dB relative to the low frequency input signal is the full powerbandwidth.APERTURE JITTER is the variation in aperture delay fromsample to sample. Aperture jitter shows up as input noise.APERTURE DELAY See Sampling Delay.BOTTOM OFFSET is the difference between the input voltagethat just causes the output code to transition to the firstcode and the negative reference voltage. Bottom Offset isdefined as EOB = VZT–VRB, where VZT is the first code transitioninput voltage and VRB is the lower reference voltage.Note that this is different from the normal Zero Scale Error.CONVERSION LATENCY See PIPELINE DELAY.CONVERSION TIME is the time required for a completemeasurement by an analog-to-digital converter. Since theConversion Time does not include acquisition time, multiplexerset up time, or other elements of a complete conversioncycle, the conversion time may be less than theThroughput Time.DC COMMON-MODE ERROR is a specification which appliesto ADCs with differential inputs. It is the change in theoutput code that occurs when the analog voltages on the twoinputs are changed by an equal amount. It is usually expressed in LSBs.
標(biāo)簽： Converter Defi ADC 轉(zhuǎn)換器
上傳時間： 2013-11-12
上傳用戶：pans0ul
•Founded in Jan. 08, 2001 in Shanghai, China.•Fabless IDH focused on Analog & Mixed Signal Chip design & marketing •Over 100 IC introduced.•Over 200 OEM Customer worldwide•ISO-9000 Certified•Distribution Channel in Taiwan, China & Japan To achieve 100% customer satisfactionby producing the technically advanced product with the best quality, on-time delivery and service. Leverages on proprietary process and world-class engineering team to develop innovative & high quality analog solutions that add value to electronics equipment.
標(biāo)簽： Circuit Analog Design Porta
上傳時間： 2013-10-24
上傳用戶：songnanhua
Construction Strategy of ESD Protection CircuitAbstract： The principles used to construct ESD protection on circuits and the basic conceptions of ESD protection design are presented.Key words：ESD protection/On circuit, ESD design window, ESD current path1 引言靜電放電（ESD，Electrostatic Discharge）給電子器件環(huán)境會帶來破壞性的后果。它是造成集成電路失效的主要原因之一。隨著集成電路工藝不斷發(fā)展，互補(bǔ)金屬氧化物半導(dǎo)體（CMOS，Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor）的特征尺寸不斷縮小，金屬氧化物半導(dǎo)體(MOS, Metal-Oxide Semiconductor)的柵氧厚度越來越薄，MOS 管能承受的電流和電壓也越來越小，因此要進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化電路的抗ESD 性能，需要從全芯片ESD 保護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計來進(jìn)行考慮。
標(biāo)簽： Construction Strategy ESD of
上傳時間： 2013-11-09
上傳用戶：Aidane
TCS ECN Background & Key TermsTrust Issues with PCIe PlatformsTCS ECN DetailsTrusted Config Space and TCS TransactionsTrusted Config Access Mech (TCAM)Standard vs Trusted Config AccessNew Capability StructuresTCS Support in Root Ports, Switches, & BridgesTCS “Does not…” ListExample Trusted Computing PlatformRevisiting the Trust IssuesKey Takeaways/Call to ActionQuestions
標(biāo)簽： Configuration Trusted PCIe Spa
上傳時間： 2013-11-21
上傳用戶：hsfei8
【摘要】本文結(jié)合作者多年的印制板設(shè)計經(jīng)驗(yàn)，著重印制板的電氣性能，從印制板穩(wěn)定性、可靠性方面，來討論多層印制板設(shè)計的基本要求。【關(guān)鍵詞】印制電路板；表面貼裝器件；高密度互連；通孔【Key words】Printed Circuit Board；Surface Mounting Device；High Density Interface；Via一．概述印制板（PCB－Printed Circuit Board）也叫印制電路板、印刷電路板。多層印制板，就是指兩層以上的印制板，它是由幾層絕緣基板上的連接導(dǎo)線和裝配焊接電子元件用的焊盤組成，既具有導(dǎo)通各層線路，又具有相互間絕緣的作用。隨著SMT（表面安裝技術(shù)）的不斷發(fā)展，以及新一代SMD（表面安裝器件）的不斷推出，如QFP、QFN、CSP、BGA（特別是MBGA），使電子產(chǎn)品更加智能化、小型化，因而推動了PCB工業(yè)技術(shù)的重大改革和進(jìn)步。自1991年IBM公司首先成功開發(fā)出高密度多層板（SLC）以來，各國各大集團(tuán)也相繼開發(fā)出各種各樣的高密度互連（HDI）微孔板。這些加工技術(shù)的迅猛發(fā)展，促使了PCB的設(shè)計已逐漸向多層、高密度布線的方向發(fā)展。多層印制板以其設(shè)計靈活、穩(wěn)定可靠的電氣性能和優(yōu)越的經(jīng)濟(jì)性能，現(xiàn)已廣泛應(yīng)用于電子產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)制造中。下面，作者以多年設(shè)計印制板的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，著重印制板的電氣性能，結(jié)合工藝要求，從印制板穩(wěn)定性、可靠性方面，來談?wù)劧鄬又瓢逶O(shè)計的基本要領(lǐng)。
上傳時間： 2013-11-19
上傳用戶：zczc
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