We all know the benefits of using FieldProgrammable Gate Arrays (FPGAs): no NRE, nominimum order quantities, and faster time-tomarket.In an ideal world, designs would never needto be changed because of design errors, but we allknow that sometimes this is necessary.
上傳時間： 2013-11-04
上傳用戶：leixinzhuo
虛擬儀器（virtual instrumention）是基于計算機的儀器。計算機和儀器的密切結合是目前儀器發展的一個重要方向。粗略地說這種結合有兩種方式，一種是將計算機裝入儀器，其典型的例子就是所謂智能化的儀器。隨著計算機功能的日益強大以及其體積的日趨縮小，這類儀器功能也越來越強大，目前已經出現含嵌入式系統的儀器。另一種方式是將儀器裝入計算機。以通用的計算機硬件及操作系統為依托，實現各種儀器功能。虛擬儀器主要是指這種方式。下面的框圖反映了常見的虛擬儀器方案。 虛擬儀器的主要特點有： n 盡可能采用了通用的硬件，各種儀器的差異主要是軟件。 n 可充分發揮計算機的能力，有強大的數據處理功能，可以創造出功能更強的儀器。 n 用戶可以根據自己的需要定義和制造各種儀器。 虛擬儀器實際上是一個按照儀器需求組織的數據采集系統。虛擬儀器的研究中涉及的基礎理論主要有計算機數據采集和數字信號處理。目前在這一領域內，使用較為廣泛的計算機語言是美國NI公司的labview。 虛擬儀器的起源可以追朔到20世紀70年代，那時計算機測控系統在國防、航天等領域已經有了相當的發展。PC機出現以后，儀器級的計算機化成為可能，甚至在Microsoft公司的Windows誕生之前，NI公司已經在Macintosh計算機上推出了labview2.0以前的版本。對虛擬儀器和labview長期、系統、有效的研究開發使得該公司成為業界公認的權威。 普通的PC有一些不可避免的弱點。用它構建的虛擬儀器或計算機測試系統性能不可能太高。目前作為計算機化儀器的一個重要發展方向是制定了VXI標準，這是一種插卡式的儀器。每一種儀器是一個插卡，為了保證儀器的性能，又采用了較多的硬件，但這些卡式儀器本身都沒有面板，其面板仍然用虛擬的方式在計算機屏幕上出現。這些卡插入標準的VXI機箱，再與計算機相連，就組成了一個測試系統。VXI儀器價格昂貴，目前又推出了一種較為便宜的PXI標準儀器。 虛擬儀器研究的另一個問題是各種標準儀器的互連及與計算機的連接。目前使用較多的是IEEE 488或GPIB協議。未來的儀器也應當是網絡化的。
上傳時間： 2013-10-15
上傳用戶：gaoliangncepu
The main objective of this book is to present all the relevant informationrequired for RF and micro-wave power amplifier design includingwell-known and novel theoretical approaches and practical design techniquesas well as to suggest optimum design approaches effectively combininganalytical calculations and computer-aided design. This bookcan also be very useful for lecturing to promote the analytical way ofthinking with practical verification by making a bridge between theoryand practice of RF and microwave engineering. As it often happens, anew result is the well-forgotten old one. Therefore, the demonstrationof not only new results based on new technologies or circuit schematicsis given, but some sufficiently old ideas or approaches are also introduced,that could be very useful in modern practice or could contributeto appearance of new ideas or schematic techniques.
標簽： Amplifier Microwave Design Power
上傳時間： 2013-12-22
上傳用戶：vodssv
Radio frequency (RF) can be a complex subject to navigate, but it does not have to be. If you are just getting started with radios or maybe you cannot find that old reference book about antenna aperture, this guide can help. It is intended to provide a basic understanding of RF technology, as well act as a quick reference for those who “know their stuff” but may be looking to brush up on that one niche term that they never quite understood. This document is also a useful reference for Maxim’s products and data sheets, an index to deeper analysis found in our application notes, and a general reference for all things RF.
上傳時間： 2013-10-23
上傳用戶：685
Radio frequency (RF) can be a complex subject to navigate, but it does not have to be. If you are just getting started with radios or maybe you cannot find that old reference book about antenna aperture, this guide can help. It is intended to provide a basic understanding of RF technology, as well act as a quick reference for those who “know their stuff” but may be looking to brush up on that one niche term that they never quite understood. This document is also a useful reference for Maxim’s products and data sheets, an index to deeper analysis found in our application notes, and a general reference for all things RF.
標簽： 無線技術
上傳時間： 2013-10-08
上傳用戶：kinochen
Abstract: Engineers often wish that radio susceptibility (RS) or radio immunity could be cured with an antibiotic, a vaccine, or someform of cure-all. Unfortunately, solving the RS problem is not that easy. Indeed, the laws of physics apply. In this article we discusssources of RS. We also offer tips and hints to protect systems, power supplies, printed circuit boards (PCBs), and electroniccomponents from radio frequency interference.
標簽： Susceptibility Radio 無線電干擾
上傳時間： 2014-12-30
上傳用戶：旗魚旗魚
The information in this specification is subject to change without notice.Use of this specification for product design requires an executed license agreement from the CompactFlashAssociation.The CompactFlash Association shall not be liable for technical or editorial errors or omissions contained herein; norfor incidental or consequential damages resulting from the furnishing, performance, or use of this material.All parts of the CompactFlash Specification are protected by copyright law and all rights are reserved. Thisdocumentation may not, in whole or in part, be copied, photocopied, reproduced, translated, or reduced to anyelectronic medium or machine readable form without prior consent, in writing, from the CompactFlash Association.The CFA logo is a trademark of the CompactFlash Association.Product names mentioned herein are for identification purposes only and may be trademarks and/or registeredtrademarks of their respective companies.© 1998-99, CompactFlash Association. All rights reserved.
標簽： 技術資料
上傳時間： 2013-10-08
上傳用戶：stewart·
Abstract: Most hand-held products lack accurate battery-charge monitors ("fuel gauges") because of the misconception that an accurate fuel gauge is difficult to achieve. This article debunks the myths and discusses how to accurately monitor charge at all temperatures, charge and discharge rates, and aging conditions. 無線通信和數據在新一代手機和PDA中的融合為再一次的生產力飛躍創造了條件。。隨之而來的將是經濟的增長和全新的工作方式，在便攜式計算機領域，PC筆記本曾經扮演了類似的開拓者角角。
上傳時間： 2013-10-17
上傳用戶：erkuizhang
Single-Ended and Differential S-Parameters Differential circuits have been important incommunication systems for many years. In the past,differential communication circuits operated at lowfrequencies, where they could be designed andanalyzed using lumped-element models andtechniques. With the frequency of operationincreasing beyond 1GHz, and above 1Gbps fordigital communications, this lumped-elementapproach is no longer valid, because the physicalsize of the circuit approaches the size of awavelength.Distributed models and analysis techniques are nowused instead of lumped-element techniques.Scattering parameters, or S-parameters, have beendeveloped for this purpose [1]. These S-parametersare defined for single-ended networks. S-parameterscan be used to describe differential networks, but astrict definition was not developed until Bockelmanand others addressed this issue [2]. Bockelman’swork also included a study on how to adapt single-ended S-parameters for use with differential circuits[2]. This adaptation, called “mixed-mode S-parameters,” addresses differential and common-mode operation, as well as the conversion betweenthe two modes of operation.This application note will explain the use of single-ended and mixed-mode S-parameters, and the basicconcepts of microwave measurement calibration.
上傳時間： 2014-03-25
上傳用戶：yyyyyyyyyy
Abstract: Most hand-held products lack accurate battery-charge monitors ("fuel gauges") because of the misconception that an accurate fuel gauge is difficult to achieve. This article debunks the myths and discusses how to accurately monitor charge at all temperatures, charge and discharge rates, and aging conditions.
上傳時間： 2014-03-18
上傳用戶：wenwiang
